| Antonius, Antoni M |
Antony/Anthony |
| Carthago, Carthaginis F |
Carthage |
| Cimber, Cimbri M |
one of the Cimberi, a German tribe, who invaded Gaul |
| Eous, Eoa, Eoum |
eastern; of the dawn; belonging to/of/set in the morning |
| Graecia, Graeciae F |
Greece |
| Latius, Latia, Latium |
Latin; of Latium; Roman; Italian |
| Libycus, Libyca, Libycum |
Libyan; African |
| Libye, Libyes F |
Libya; peoples of Libya |
| Poenus, Poena, Poenum |
Carthaginian, Punic; of/associated w/Carthage; Phoenician; scarlet, bright red |
| Praenestinus, Praenestina, Praenestinum |
Proenestian; of Proeneste |
| Punicus, Punica, Punicum |
Carthaginian, Punic; of/associated with Carthage; scarlet, bright red |
| Rhenus, Rheni M |
Rhine |
| Suebus, Suebi M |
Swabian |
| Susum, Susi N |
Susum; Susa |
| Thracius, Thracia, Thracium |
Thracian, of/belonging to Thrace; gem |
| Tiberinus, Tiberina, Tiberinum |
Tiber-; of the river Tiber |
| Vesta, Vestae F |
Vesta |
| a |
by, from; after |
| abdo, abdere, abdidi, abditus |
remove, put away, set aside; depart, go away; hide, keep secret, conceal |
| accedo, accedere, accessi, accessus |
come near, approach; agree with; be added to; constitute |
| actus, actus M |
act, performance, delivery; action, deed; series/sequence; progress |
| adfero, adferre, adtuli, adlatus |
bring to, carry, convey; report, bring word, allege, announce; produce, cause |
| adfligo, adfligere, adflixi, adflictus |
overthrow/throw down; afflict, damage, crush, break, ruin; humble, weaken, vex |
| adjuvo, adjuvare, adjuvi, adjutus |
help, aid, abet, encourage, favor; cherish, sustain; be of use, be profitable |
| adligo, adligare, adligavi, adligatus |
bind/fetter; bandage; hinder, impede, detain; accuse; implicate/involve in |
| adsuetus, adsueta, adsuetum |
accustomed, customary, usual, to which one is accustomed/used |
| aduncus, adunca, aduncum |
bent, curved, hooked, crooked |
| aer, aeris |
air; atmosphere, sky; cloud, mist, weather; breeze; odor |
| aetas, aetatis F |
lifetime, age, generation; period; stage, period of life, time, era |
| aether, aetheris M |
upper air; ether; heaven, sky; sky; space surrounding a deity |
| aevum, aevi N |
time, time of life, age, old age, generation; passage/lapse of time; all time |
| agito, agitare, agitavi, agitatus |
stir/drive/shake/move about; revolve; live; control, ride; consider, pursue |
| agnosco, agnoscere, agnovi, agnitus |
recognize, realize, discern; acknowledge, claim, admit to/responsibility |
| ago, agere, egi, actus |
drive/urge/conduct/act; spend; thank; deliver |
| aio, -, - |
say, assert; say yes/so, affirm, assent; prescribe/lay down |
| albus, alba -um, albior -or -us, albissimus -a -um |
white, pale, fair, hoary, gray; bright, clear; favorable, auspicious, fortunate |
| alio |
elsewhere, another direction; to another place/subject/purpose/course of action |
| aliquis |
someone; anyone; some |
| alius, alia, aliud |
other, another; different, changed |
| alo, alere, alui, altus |
feed, nourish, rear, nurse, suckle; cherish; support, maintain, develop |
| alter, altera, alterum |
one; second/another; former/latter |
| alveus, alvei M |
cavity, hollow; tub; trough, bowl, tray; gameboard; beehive; canoe |
| amens, amentis (gen.), amentior -or -us, amentissimus -a -um |
insane, demented, out of one's mind; very excited, frantic, distracted; foolish |
| amicio, amicire, amixi, amictus |
clothe, cover, dress; wrap about; surround; veil; clothe with words |
| amitto, amittere, amisi, amissus |
lose; lose by death; send away, dismiss; part with; let go/slip/fall, drop |
| amnis, amnis M |
river, stream; current; water; the river Ocean |
| amputo, amputare, amputavi, amputatus |
lop/cut off, prune, shorten; amputate; eradicate, exclude, take away; castrate |
| ango, angere, anxi, anctus |
choke, throttle, strangle; press tight; distress, cause pain, vex, trouble |
| anima, animae F |
soul, spirit, vital principle; life; breathing; wind, breeze; air |
| ante |
before, previously, first, before this, earlier; in front/advance of; forwards |
| anteeo, anteire, anteivi(ii), anteitus |
go/walk before/ahead, precede, antedate; surpass; anticipate; prevent |
| antis, antis M |
rows; ranks; files |
| apud |
at, by, near, among; at the house of; before, in the presence/writings/view of |
| aqua, aquae F |
water; sea, lake; river, stream; rain, rainfall, rainwater; spa; urine |
| aquilo, aquilonis M |
north wind; NNE/NE wind; north; Boreas |
| ara, arae F |
altar, structure for sacrifice, pyre; sanctuary; home; refuge, shelter |
| armum, armi N |
arms, weapons, armor, shield; close fighting weapons; equipment; force |
| artus, artus M |
arm/leg/limb, joint, part of the body; frame, body; sexual members/organs |
| ater, atra -um, atrior -or -us, aterrimus -a -um |
black, dark; dark-colored; gloomy/murky; unlucky; sordid/squalid |
| attonitus, attonita, attonitum |
astonished, fascinated; lightning/thunder-struck, stupefied, dazed; inspired |
| attono, attonare, attonui, attonitus |
strike with lightning, blast; drive crazy, distract |
| audio, audire, audivi, auditus |
hear, listen, accept, agree with; obey; harken, pay attention; be able to hear |
| aula, aulae F |
hall; church/temple; palace/castle; inner/royal court; courtiers; royal power |
| auris, auris F |
ear; hearing; a discriminating sense of hearing,"ear"; pin on plow |
| avello, avellere, avolsi, avolsus |
tear/pluck/wrench away/out/off; separate by force, part; take away, wrest |
| averto, avertere, averti, aversus |
turn away from/aside, divert, rout; disturb; withdraw; steal, misappropriate |
| avidus, avida -um, avidior -or -us, avidissimus -a -um |
greedy, eager, ardent, desirous of; avaricious, insatiable; lustful, passionate |
| bellicus, bellica, bellicum |
of war, military; warlike |
| bonus, bona -um, melior -or -us, optimus -a -um |
good, honest, brave, noble, kind, pleasant, right, useful; valid; healthy |
| bracchium, bracchi(i) N |
arm; lower arm, forearm; claw; branch, shoot; earthwork connecting forts |
| brevis, breve, brevior -or -us, brevissimus -a -um |
short, little, small, stunted; brief, concise, quick; narrow, shallow; humble |
| caelus, caeli M |
heaven, sky, heavens; space; air, climate, weather; universe, world; Jehovah |
| caeruleus, caerulea, caeruleum |
blue, cerulean, dark; greenish-blue, azure; of river/sea deities; of sky/sea |
| caleo, calere, calui, - |
be/feel/be kept warm; be hot with passion/inflamed/active/driven hotly/urged |
| canna, cannae F |
small reed/cane; panpipe/flute; small vessel/gondola; windpipe; cane-sugar |
| canus, cana, canum |
white, gray; aged, old, wise; hoary; foamy, white-capped; white w/snow/frost |
| capio, capere, cepi, captus |
take hold, seize; grasp; take bribe; arrest/capture; put on; occupy; captivate |
| carcer, carceris M |
prison, jail; jailbird; starting barriers at race-course, traps; beginning |
| carpo, carpere, carpsi, carptus |
seize/pick/pluck/gather/browse/tear off; graze/crop; tease/pull out/card |
| castrum, castri N |
fort/fortress; camp, military camp/field; army; war service; day's march |
| catulus, catuli M |
young dog, puppy, whelp; dog; young of any animal, pup/cub; fetter |
| cavus, cava, cavum |
hollow, excavated, hollowed out; concave; enveloping; porous |
| cedo, cedere, cessi, cessus |
go/pass; withdraw/retire/leave; step aside/make way; take place of |
| certo, certare, certavi, certatus |
vie, contest, contend/struggle, dispute; fight, strive |
| cinis, cineris |
ashes; embers, spent love/hate; ruin, destruction; the grave/dead, cremation |
| coeo, coire, coivi(ii), coitus |
fit together; have sexual intercourse; collect/gather; meet; rally |
| cognosco, cognoscere, cognovi, cognitus |
become acquainted with/aware of; recognize; learn, find to be; inquire/examine |
| colligo, colligere, collegi, collectus |
collect, assemble, bring/gather/hold/keep together; combine; harvest; pick up |
| collinus, collina, collinum |
of/belonging to/pertaining to hills; found/growing on hill; hilly, hill- |
| collum, colli N |
neck; throat; head and neck; severed head; upper stem; mountain ridge |
| colonus, coloni M |
farmer, cultivator, tiller; tenant-farmer; settler, colonist; inhabitant |
| coma, comae F |
hair, hair of head, mane of animal; wool, fleece; foliage, leaves; rays |
| comitor, comitari, comitatus sum |
join as an attendant, guard/escort; accompany, follow; attend |
| como, comere, comsi, comtus |
arrange/do; adorn, make beautiful; embellish; arrange in order, set out |
| concedo, concedere, concessi, concessus |
relinquish/give up/concede; depart; pardon; submit, allow/grant/permit/condone |
| concido, concidere, concidi, concisus |
cut/chop up/down/to pieces; crop; ruin, kill, destroy; divide minutely; beat |
| concipio, concipere, concepi, conceptus |
take in/up, receive, catch; derive/draw; contain/hold; grasp; adopt; wed |
| conclamo, conclamare, conclamavi, conclamatus |
cry/shout aloud/out; make resound w/shouts; give a signal; summon; bewail/mourn |
| concurro, concurrere, concurri, concursus |
run/assemble/knock/snap together; agree, fit, concur; coincide; make same claim |
| confero, conferre, contuli, conlatus |
bring together, carry/convey; collect/gather, compare; unite, add; direct/aim |
| conflo, conflare, conflavi, conflatus |
kindle/ignite, blow on; arouse/stir up; melt; cast/weld; run up debt |
| confundo, confundere, confudi, confusus |
pour/mix/mass/bring together; combine/unite/blend/merge; spread over, diffuse |
| congero, congerere, congessi, congestus |
collect, bring/get together, amass; heap/pile up/on; build, construct; compile |
| conjuro, conjurare, conjuravi, conjuratus |
swear/act together, join in an oath/plot; conspire, plot; form alliance/league |
| consto, constare, constiti, constatus |
agree/correspond/fit, be correct; be dependent/based upon; exist/continue/last |
| consul, consulis M |
consul; supreme magistrate elsewhere |
| contineo, continere, continui, contentus |
secure, maintain, sustain; fasten/hold in position; retain, keep safe, preserve |
| contingo, contingere, contigi, contactus |
happen, befall, turn out, come to pass, be granted to one; be produced |
| contundo, contundere, contudi, contusus |
quell/crush/outdo/subdue utterly; bruise/beat; pound to pieces/powder/pulp |
| convenio, convenire, conveni, conventus |
come together; agree, harmonize; be appropriate to, fit, be correctly shaped/consistent |
| corona, coronae F |
crown; garland, wreath; halo/ring; circle of men/troops |
| corripio, corripere, corripui, correptus |
seize/grasp/snatch up, lay hold of; sweep off; carry away; appropriate/arrogate |
| crassus, crassa -um, crassior -or -us, crassissimus -a -um |
thick/deep; thick coated; turbid/muddy; dense/concentrated/soli |
| creber, crebra -um, crebrior -or -us, creberrimus -a -um |
thick/crowded/packed/close set; frequent/repeated, constant; numerous/abundant |
| crimen, criminis N |
indictment/charge/accusation; blame/reproach/slander; verdict/judgment |
| crinis, crinis M |
hair; lock of hair, tress, plait; plume; tail of a comet |
| cruor, cruoris M |
blood; vegetable/other juice |
| cultus, cultus M |
habitation; cultivation; civilization, refinement; polish, elegance |
| cupidus, cupida -um, cupidior -or -us, cupidissimus -a -um |
eager/passionate; longing for/desirous of; greedy; wanton/lecherous |
| cupio, cupere, cupivi, cupitus |
wish/long/be eager for; desire/want, covet; desire as a lover; favor, wish well |
| cura, curae F |
concern, worry, anxiety, trouble; attention, care, pains, zeal; cure, treatment |
| curro, currere, cucurri, cursus |
run/trot/gallop, hurry/hasten/speed, move/travel/proceed/flow swiftly/quickly |
| damnum, damni N |
financial/property/physical loss/damage/injury; forfeiture/fine; lost possessio |
| dea, deae F |
goddess |
| debeo, debere, debui, debitus |
owe; be indebted/responsible for/obliged/bound/destined; ought, must, should |
| decido, decidere, decidi, - |
fall/drop/hang/flow down/off/over; sink/drop; fail, fall in ruin; end up; die |
| decorum, decori N |
decorum, that which is suitable/seemly, propriety |
| decurro, decurrere, decucurri, decursus |
run/hurry/rush/flow/slope down; hasten; travel downstream; come to land/end |
| dedecus, dedecoris N |
disgrace/dishonor/discredit/shame/infamy; misbehavior; vice, turpitude |
| defero, deferre, detuli, delatus |
carry/bring/sink/fall down/off; convey/deliver/transfer; reduce/slope |
| deformis, deforme, deformior -or -us, deformissimus -a -um |
deformed/illformed/misshapen/disfigured; shameful/degrading/base; ugly/loathsom |
| degener, (gen.), degeneris |
degenerate/base; inferior to ancestors; ignoble, unworthy, untrue, contemptible |
| deleo, delere, delevi, deletus |
erase, wipe/scratch/remove, wipe/blot out, expunge, delete |
| delubrum, delubri N |
shrine; temple; sanctuary |
| densus, densa -um, densior -or -us, densissimus -a -um |
thick/dense/solid; crowded/thick planted/packed/covered |
| depono, deponere, deposui, depostus |
put/lay down/aside/away; let drop/fall; give up; resign; deposit/entrust/commit |
| depositum, depositi N |
deposit, trust; money placed on deposit/safe keeping; contract on trust money |
| derigesco, derigescere, derigui, - |
freeze, become/grow stiff/rigid; grow quite/very still |
| desilio, desilire, desului, desultus |
leap/jump down, dismount, alight; jump headlong, venture heedlessly |
| desum, deesse, defui, defuturus |
be wanting/lacking; fail/miss; abandon/desert, neglect; be away/absent/missing |
| dexter, dextra -um, dexterior -or -us, dextimus -a -um |
right, on/to the right hand/side; skillful/dexterous/handy |
| dies, diei |
day; daylight; open sky; weather |
| differo, differre, distuli, dilatus |
postpone/delay/differ; put off, keep waiting; give respite to; differ, disagree |
| dirus, dira -um, dirior -or -us, dirissimus -a -um |
awful/dire/dreadful; ominous/frightful/terrible/horrible; skillful |
| discedo, discedere, discessi, discessus |
go/march off, depart, withdraw; scatter, dissipate; abandon; lay down |
| dissilio, dissilire, dissilui, - |
fly/leap/burst apart; break up; be broken up; burst; split |
| diverto, divertere, diverti, diversus |
separate; divert, turn away/in; digress; oppose; divorce/leave marriage |
| divido, dividere, divisi, divisus |
divide; separate, break up; share, distribute; distinguish |
| dominus, domini M |
owner, lord, master; the Lord; title for ecclesiastics/gentlemen |
| domus, domi F |
house, building; home, household |
| dubius, dubia, dubium |
doubtful, dubious, uncertain; variable, dangerous; critical |
| duco, ducere, additional, forms |
lead, command; think, consider, regard; prolong |
| durus, dura -um, durior -or -us, durissimus -a -um |
hard, stern; harsh, rough, vigorous; cruel, unfeeling, inflexible; durable |
| effodio, effodere, effodi, effossus |
dig out, excavate; gouge out |
| egero, egerere, egessi, egestus |
carry or bear out, discharge, utter |
| ego |
I |
| elido, elidere, elisi, elisus |
strike or dash out; expel; shatter; crush out; strangle; destroy |
| eluctor, eluctari, eluctatus sum |
force a way through; surmount a difficulty |
| ensis, ensis M |
sword |
| ergastulum, ergastuli N |
convicts; chain gang; inmates of a workhouse/penitentiary |
| ergo |
therefore; well, then, now |
| erro, errare, erravi, erratus |
wander, go astray; make a mistake, err; vacillate |
| everto, evertere, everti, eversus |
overturn, turn upside down; overthrow, destroy, ruin |
| evolvo, evolvere, evolvi, evolutus |
roll out, unroll; disclose, unfold; extricate; pursue; explain |
| exanimis, exanimis, exanime |
dead; lifeless; breathless, terrified, dismayed |
| excedo, excedere, excessi, excessus |
pass, withdraw, exceed; go away/out/beyond; die |
| excio, excire, excivi, excitus |
rouse; call out send for; summon; evoke |
| exedo, exedere, exedi, exesus |
eat up, consume; hollow |
| exemplum, exempli N |
example, sample, specimen; instance; precedent, case; warning, deterrent |
| exeo, exire, exivi(ii), exitus |
come/go/sail/march/move out/forth/away, leave; pass, expire/perish/die |
| exero, exerere, exerui, exertus |
stretch forth; thrust out; put out; lay bare, uncover |
| exigo, exigere, exegi, exactus |
drive out, expel; finish; examine, weigh |
| exiguus, exigua, exiguum |
small; meager; dreary; a little, a bit of; scanty, petty, short, poor |
| exsanguis, exsanguis, exsangue |
bloodless, pale, wan, feeble; frightened |
| exseco, exsecare, exsecui, exsectus |
cut out/off; remove/make by cutting; cut, make cut in; castrate |
| exstruo, exstruere, exstruxi, exstructus |
pile/build up, raise, build, construct |
| exter, extera -um, exterior -or -us, extremus -a -um |
outer/external; outward; on outside, far; of another country, foreign; strange |
| exul, exulis |
exile, banished person; wanderer |
| fames, famis F |
hunger; famine; want; craving |
| famulus, famula, famulum |
serving; serviceable; servile; subject |
| fandus, fanda, fandum |
that may be spoken; proper, lawful |
| fas, undeclined N |
divine/heaven's law/will/command; that which is right/lawful/moral/allowed |
| fascis, fascis M |
bundles of rods |
| faux, faucis F |
pharynx, gullet/throat/neck/jaws/maw; narrow pass/shaft/strait; chasm |
| favor, favoris M |
favor, goodwill; bias; applause |
| felix, felicis (gen.), felicior -or -us, felicissimus -a -um |
happy; blessed; fertile; favorable; lucky; successful, fruitful |
| feralis, feralis, ferale |
funereal; deadly, fatal |
| fessus, fessa, fessum |
tired, wearied, fatigued, exhausted; worn out, weak, feeble, infirm, sick |
| festus, festa, festum |
festive, joyous; holiday; feast day; merry; solemn |
| fides, fidei F |
faith, loyalty; honesty; credit; confidence, trust, belief; good faith |
| figo, figere, fixi, fixus |
fasten, fix; pierce, transfix; establish |
| fimbria, fimbriae F |
fringe, border, edge |
| flavus, flava, flavum |
yellow, golden, gold colored; flaxen, blond; golden-haired |
| flos, floris M |
flower, blossom; youthful prime |
| flumen, fluminis N |
river, stream; any flowing fluid; flood; onrush |
| fluo, fluere, fluxi, fluxus |
flow, stream; emanate, proceed from; fall gradually |
| fluvius, fluvi(i) M |
river, stream; running water |
| focus, foci M |
hearth, fireplace; altar; home, household, family; cook stove |
| for, fari, fatus sum |
speak, talk; say |
| forsan |
perhaps |
| forum, fori N |
market; forum; court of justice |
| frango, frangere, fregi, fractus |
break, shatter, crush; dishearten, subdue, weaken; move, discourage |
| frenum, freni N |
bridle/harness/rein/bit; harnessed horses/team; check/restraint/brake; mastery |
| fretus, freta, fretum |
relying on, trusting to, supported by |
| fructus, fructus M |
produce, crops; fruit; profit; enjoyment; reward |
| frustra |
in vain; for nothing, to no purpose |
| fuga, fugae F |
flight, fleeing, escape; avoidance; exile |
| fugio, fugere, fugi, fugitus |
flee, fly, run away; avoid, shun; go into exile |
| fulmen, fulminis N |
lightning, flash; thunderbolt; crushing blow |
| furca, furcae F |
fork; prop |
| furtum, furti N |
theft; trick, deception; stolen article |
| futurus, futura, futurum |
about to be; future |
| gaudeo, gaudere, gavisus sum |
be glad, rejoice |
| gena, genae F |
cheeks; eyes |
| gens, gentis F |
tribe, clan; nation, people; Gentiles |
| genus, generis N |
birth/descent/origin; race/family/house/stock/ancestry; offspring/descent |
| gesto, gestare, gestavi, gestatus |
bear, carry; wear |
| gladius, gladi(i) M |
sword |
| gradus, gradus M |
step; position |
| gurges, gurgitis M |
whirlpool; raging abyss; gulf, the sea; "flood","stream" |
| guttur, gutturis |
throat, neck; gullet; swollen throat, goiter |
| haereo, haerere, haesi, haesus |
stick, adhere, cling to; hesitate; be in difficulties |
| haurio, haurire, hausi, haustus |
draw up/out; drink, swallow, drain, exhaust |
| hesperius, hesperia, hesperium |
western |
| hinc |
from here, from this source/cause; hence, henceforth |
| homo, hominis M |
man, human being, person, fellow |
| honos, honoris M |
honor; respect/regard; mark of esteem, reward; dignity/grace; public office |
| hostilis, hostilis, hostile |
hostile, enemy; of/belonging to an enemy; involving/performed by an enemy |
| hostis, hostis |
enemy; stranger, foreigner; the enemy |
| humanus, humana -um, humanior -or -us, humanissimus -a -um |
human; kind; humane, civilized, refined |
| humus, humi F |
ground, soil, earth, land, country |
| ibi |
there, in that place; thereupon |
| idem, eadem, idem |
same, the same, the very same, also |
| ignis, ignis M |
fire, brightness; passion, glow of passion |
| ignosco, ignoscere, ignovi, ignotus |
pardon, forgive |
| ignotus, ignota, ignotum |
unknown, strange; unacquainted with, ignorant of |
| illic |
in that place, there, over there |
| impero, imperare, imperavi, imperatus |
order, command, levy; rule |
| impetus, impetus M |
attack, assault, charge; attempt; impetus, vigor; violent mental urge, fury |
| incubo, incubare, incubui, incubitus |
lie in or on; sit upon; brood over; keep a jealous watch |
| inde |
thence, thenceforth; from that place/time/cause; thereupon |
| indomitus, indomita, indomitum |
untamed; untamable, fierce |
| inexpletus, inexpleta, inexpletum |
unfilled, insatiate |
| infandus, infanda, infandum |
unspeakable, unutterable; abominable, monstrous |
| infans, (gen.), infantis |
speechless, inarticulate; new born; childish, foolish |
| inferia, inferiae F |
offerings to the dead |
| infestus, infesta -um, infestior -or -us, infestissimus -a -um |
unsafe, dangerous; hostile; disturbed, molested, infested, unquiet |
| informis, informis, informe |
formless, shapeless; deformed; ugly, hideous |
| ingens, ingentis (gen.), ingentior -or -us, ingentissimus -a -um |
not natural, immoderate; huge, vast, enormous; mighty; remarkable, momentous |
| iniquus, iniqua -um, iniquior -or -us, iniquissimus -a -um |
unjust, unfair; disadvantageous, uneven; unkind, hostile |
| inmensus, inmensa, inmensum |
immeasurable, immense/vast/boundless/unending; infinitely great; innumerable |
| inmitto, inmittere, inmisi, inmissus |
send in/to/into/against; cause to go; insert; hurl/throw in; let go/in; allow |
| innumerus, innumera, innumerum |
innumerable, countless, numberless; without number; immense |
| inpono, inponere, inposui, inpositus |
impose, put upon; establish; inflict; assign/place in command; set |
| inquiam, -, - |
say |
| inter |
between, among; during |
| interrumpo, interrumpere, interrupi, interruptus |
drive a gap in, break up; cut short, interrupt |
| intrepidus, intrepida, intrepidum |
undaunted, fearless, untroubled |
| invidia, invidiae F |
hate/hatred/dislike; envy/jealousy/spite/ill will; use of words/acts to arouse |
| invisus, invisa, invisum |
hated, detested; hateful, hostile |
| iter, itineris |
journey; road; passage, path; march |
| iterum |
again; a second time; for the second time |
| jaculor, jaculari, jaculatus sum |
throw a javelin; hurl, cast; shoot at |
| jubeo, jubere, jussi, jussus |
order/tell/command/direct; enjoin/command; decree/enact; request/ask/bid; pray |
| jubo, jubere, additional, forms |
order/tell/command/direct; enjoin/command; decree/enact; request/ask/bid; pray |
| jugulum, juguli N |
throat, neck; collarbone |
| justitium, justiti(i) N |
cessation of judicial and all public business, due to national calamity |
| justus, justa -um, justior -or -us, justissimus -a -um |
just, fair, equitable; right, lawful, justified; regular, proper |
| juvat, juvare, juvit, jutus est |
it pleases/delights; it is enjoyable; it is helpful |
| juvenis, juvenis |
youth, young man/woman |
| juventus, juventutis F |
youth; the age of youth, young persons; young men, knights |
| labo, labare, labavi, labatus |
totter, be ready to fall; begin to sink; give way; waver, decline, sink; err |
| lacero, lacerare, laceravi, laceratus |
mangle; slander, torment, harass; waste; destroy; cut |
| lacertus, lacerti M |
upper arm, arm, shoulder; strength, muscles, vigor, force; lizard |
| lacesso, lacessere, lacessivi, lacessitus |
provoke, excite, harass, challenge, harass; attack, assail |
| lacrima, lacrimae F |
tear; exuded gum/sap; bit of lead; quicksilver from ore; weeping; dirge |
| lanio, laniare, laniavi, laniatus |
tear, mangle, mutilate, pull to pieces |
| laqueus, laquei M |
noose; snare, trap |
| late |
widely, far and wide |
| latebra, latebrae F |
hiding place, retreat, lair; subterfuge |
| lateo, latere, latui, - |
lie hidden, lurk; live a retired life, escape notice |
| laxus, laxa -um, laxior -or -us, laxissimus -a -um |
wide, spacious, ample, roomy; loose, not close packed; slack, not tight; lax |
| lentus, lenta -um, lentior -or -us, lentissimus -a -um |
clinging, tough; slow, sluggish, lazy, procrastinating; easy, pliant |
| letalis, letalis, letale |
deadly, fatal; lethal, mortal |
| letum, leti N |
death; Death; manner of dying; P:destruction |
| lex, legis F |
law; motion, bill, statute; principle; condition |
| libertas, libertatis F |
freedom, liberty; frankness of speech, outspokenness |
| libet, libere, libuit, libitus est |
it pleases, is pleasing/agreeable |
| licet |
although, granted that |
| licet, licere, licuit, licitus est |
it is permitted, one may; it is all right, lawful, allowed, permitted |
| limen, liminis N |
threshold, entrance; lintel; house |
| limosus, limosa, limosum |
miry, muddy; marshy, swampy |
| lingua, linguae F |
tongue; speech, language; dialect |
| litus, litoris N |
shore, seashore, coast, strand; river bank; beach, landing place |
| livens, (gen.), liventis |
bluish; lead-colored; envious |
| locus, loci M |
seat, rank, position; soldier's post; quarters; category; book passage, topic |
| longus, longa -um, longior -or -us, longissimus -a -um |
long; tall; tedious, taking long time; boundless; far; of specific length/time |
| lubricus, lubrica, lubricum |
slippery; sinuous; inconstant; hazardous, ticklish; deceitful |
| lues, luis F |
plague, pestilence; scourge, affliction |
| lumen, luminis N |
light; lamp, torch; eye; life; day, daylight |
| lustro, lustrare, lustravi, lustratus |
purify cermonially, cleanse by sacrifice, expiate |
| lux, lucis F |
light, daylight, light of day; life; world; day |
| macto, mactare, mactavi, mactatus |
magnify, honor; sacrifice; slaughter, destroy |
| maculo, maculare, maculavi, maculatus |
spot; pollute; dishonor, taint |
| maereo, maerere, -, - |
grieve, be sad, mourn; bewail/mourn for/lament; utter mournfully |
| maestus, maesta -um, maestior -or -us, maestissimus -a -um |
sad/unhappy; mournful/gloomy; mourning; stern/grim; ill-omened/inauspicious |
| magis |
to greater extent, more nearly; rather, instead; more |
| maneo, manere, mansi, mansus |
remain, stay, abide; wait for; continue, endure, last; spend the night |
| manis, manis M |
shades/ghosts of dead; gods of Lower World; corpse/remains; underworld |
| mapale, mapalis N |
huts of African nomads; house of ill repute; follies, useless things |
| mas, (gen.), maris |
male; masculine, of the male sex; manly, virile, brave, noble; G:masculine |
| mater, matris F |
mother, foster mother; lady, matron; origin, source, motherland, mother city |
| matrona, matronae F |
wife; matron |
| medicinus, medicina, medicinum |
of the art/practice of medicine/healing, medical |
| medicus, medica, medicum |
healing, curative, medical |
| memini, meminisse, - |
remember; keep in mind, pay heed to; be sure; recall |
| memor, (gen.), memoris |
remembering; mindful, grateful; unforgetting, commemorative |
| mensa, mensae F |
table; course, meal; banker's counter |
| merces, mercedis F |
pay, recompense, hire, salary, reward; rent, price; bribe |
| mereor, mereri, meritus sum |
earn; deserve/merit/have right; win/gain/incur; earn soldier/whore pay, serve |
| metior, metiri, mensus sum |
measure, estimate; distribute, mete; traverse, sail/walk through |
| metuens, metuentis (gen.), metuentior -or -us, - |
fearing; afraid |
| metus, metus M |
fear, anxiety; dread, awe; object of awe/dread |
| miles, militis M |
soldier; foot soldier; soldiery; knight; knight's fee/service |
| mille, millis N |
thousand; thousands; miles |
| mille, milis N |
thousand; thousands; miles |
| minax, (gen.), minacis |
threatening; boding ill |
| miro, mirare, miravi, miratus |
be amazed/surprised/bewildered; look in wonder/awe/admiration at |
| misceo, miscere, miscui, mixtus |
mix, mingle; embroil; confound; stir up |
| modus, modi M |
manner, mode, way, method; rule, rhythm, beat, measure, size; bound, limit |
| moenia, moenium |
defensive/town walls, bulwarks; fortifications; fortified town; castle |
| moles, molis F |
large mass; rock/boulder; heap/lump/pile, bulk; monster; mole/jetty/dam/dike |
| morbus, morbi M |
sickness, illness, weakness; disease; distemper; distress; vice |
| morior, moriri, moritus sum |
die; expire, pass/die/wither away/out; decay |
| motus, motus M |
movement, motion; riot, commotion, disturbance; gesture; emotion |
| mox |
soon, next |
| multum, plus, plurimum |
much, greatly, plenty, very; more; most |
| mundus, munda -um, mundior -or -us, mundissimus -a -um |
clean, cleanly, nice, neat, elegant, delicate; refined, pure |
| muto, mutare, mutavi, mutatus |
move, change, shift, alter, exchange, substitute; modify |
| mutus, muta, mutum |
dumb, silent, mute; speechless |
| naris, naris F |
nostril; nose |
| nascor, nasci, natus sum |
be produced spontaneously, come into existence/being; spring forth, grow; live |
| natus, nati M |
son; child; children |
| necdum |
and/but not yet |
| neclego, neclegere, neclexi, neclectus |
disregard, neglect, ignore, regard of no consequence; do nothing about; despise |
| nedum |
still less; not to speak of; much more |
| nefandus, nefanda, nefandum |
impious, wicked; abominable |
| nefas, undeclined N |
sin, violation of divine law, impious act |
| neuter, neutra, neutrum |
neither |
| neve |
or not, and not |
| nil, undeclined N |
nothing; no; trifle/thing not worth mentioning; nonentity; nonsense; no concern |
| nimis |
very much; too much; exceedingly |
| nimius, nimia, nimium |
excessive, too great |
| nisi |
if not; except, unless |
| nobilitas, nobilitatis F |
nobility/noble class; birth/descent; fame/excellence; the nobles; rank |
| nolo, nolle, nolui, - |
be unwilling; wish not to; refuse to |
| nomen, nominis N |
name, family name; noun; account, entry in debt ledger; sake; title, heading |
| nondum |
not yet |
| nos |
we |
| nota, notae F |
mark, sign, letter, word, writing, spot brand, tattoo-mark |
| novus, nova -um, novior -or -us, novissimus -a -um |
new, fresh, young; unusual, extraordinary |
| nudus, nuda, nudum |
nude; bare, stripped |
| numen, numinis N |
divine will, divinity; god |
| numerus, numeri M |
number/sum/total/rank; numerical strength/plurality; category; tally |
| numquam |
never |
| occumbo, occumbere, occumbui, occumbitus |
meet with; meet one's death |
| occupo, occupare, occupavi, occupatus |
seize; gain; overtake; capture, occupy; attack |
| occurro, occurrere, occurri, occursus |
run to meet; oppose, resist; come to mind, occur |
| oculus, oculi M |
eye |
| odi, odisse, osus |
hate, dislike; be disinclined/reluctant/adverse to |
| odium, odi(i) N |
hate/hatred/dislike/antipathy; odium, unpopularity; boredom/impatience |
| olim |
formerly; once, once upon a time; in the future |
| orbis, orbis M |
circle; territory/region; sphere |
| ordo, ordinis M |
row, order/rank; succession; series; class; bank; order |
| os, oris N |
mouth, speech, expression; face; pronunciation |
| osculum, osculi N |
kiss; mouth; lips; orifice; mouthpiece |
| ostendo, ostendere, ostendi, ostensus |
show; reveal; make clear, point out, display, exhibit |
| ovile, ovilis N |
sheepfold |
| paedor, paedoris M |
filth, dirt |
| paene |
nearly, almost; mostly |
| palpito, palpitare, palpitavi, palpitatus |
throb, beat, pulsate |
| palus, paludis F |
swamp, marsh |
| parco, parcere, peperci, parsus |
forbear, refrain from; spare; show consideration; be economical/thrifty with |
| parens, (gen.), parentis |
obedient |
| pareo, parere, parui, paritus |
obey, be subject/obedient to; submit/yield/comply; pay attention; attend to |
| pariter |
equally; together |
| paro, parare, paravi, paratus |
prepare; furnish/supply/provide; produce; obtain/get; buy; raise; put up; plan |
| parvus, parva -um, minor -or -us, minimus -a -um |
small, little, cheap; unimportant; smallest, least |
| pateo, patere, patui, - |
stand open, be open; extend; be well known; lie open, be accessible |
| paternus, paterna, paternum |
father's, paternal; ancestral |
| patior, pati, passus sum |
suffer; allow; undergo, endure; permit |
| paveo, pavere, pavi, - |
be frightened or terrified at |
| pavidus, pavida, pavidum |
fearful, terrified, panicstruck |
| pax, pacis F |
peace; harmony |
| pelagus, pelagi N |
sea; the open sea, the main |
| pendeo, pendere, pependi, - |
hang, hang down; depend |
| penetrale, penetralis N |
inner part of a place; inner shrine; sanctuary of the household gods |
| penitus |
inside; deep within; thoroughly |
| perago, peragere, peregi, peractus |
disturb; finish; kill; carry through to the end, complete |
| percussus, percussus M |
buffeting; beating |
| permisceo, permiscere, permiscui, permixtus |
mix or mingle together; confound; embroil; disturb thoroughly |
| peto, petere, petivi, petitus |
attack; aim at; desire; beg, entreat, ask; reach towards, make for |
| pharetra, pharetrae F |
quiver |
| piaculum, piaculi N |
expiatory offering or rite; sin; crime |
| pietas, pietatis F |
responsibility, sense of duty; loyalty; tenderness, goodness; pity; piety |
| pilum, pili N |
javelin, heavy iron-tipped throwing spear; pike |
| placeo, placere, placui, placitus |
please, satisfy, give pleasure to |
| placo, placare, placavi, placatus |
appease; placate; reconcile |
| planctus, planctus M |
wailing, lamentation, lament, beating of the breast; mourning |
| plebeius, plebeia, plebeium |
plebeian |
| plebs, plebis F |
common people, general citizens, commons/plebeians; lower class/ranks; mob/mass |
| plus, (gen.), pluris |
more; several. many |
| poena, poenae F |
penalty, punishment; revenge/retribution |
| polluo, polluere, pollui, pollutus |
soil/foul/dirty/stain/pollute; infect; make impure; break |
| pondus, ponderis N |
weight, burden, impediment |
| populus, populi |
people, nation, State; public/populace/multitude/crowd; a following |
| porta, portae F |
gate, entrance; city gates; door; avenue; goal |
| portus, portus M |
port, harbor; refuge, haven, place of refuge |
| post |
behind, after; subordinate to |
| postis, postis M |
doorpost |
| potens, potentis (gen.), potentior -or -us, potentissimus -a -um |
powerful, strong; capable; mighty |
| praeceps, (gen.), praecipitis |
head first, headlong; steep, precipitous |
| praecipio, praecipere, praecepi, praeceptus |
take or receive in advance; anticipate; warn; order; teach, instruct |
| praecipito, praecipitare, praecipitavi, praecipitatus |
throw headlong, cast down |
| praemium, praemi(i) N |
prize, reward; gift; recompense |
| praesagus, praesaga, praesagum |
having foreboding; ominous |
| praesto, praestare, praestiti, praestitus |
excel, surpass, be outstanding/superior/best/greater/preferable; prevail |
| praeteritum, praeteriti N |
past; past times; bygone events |
| prior, prior, prius |
ahead, in front, leading; previous, earlier, preceding, prior; former; basic |
| pro |
on behalf of; before; in front/instead of; for; about; according to; as, like |
| procumbo, procumbere, procubui, procubitus |
sink down, lie down, lean forward |
| proelium, proeli(i) N |
battle/fight/bout/conflict/dispute; armed/hostile encounter; bout of strength |
| prosum, prodesse, profui, profuturus |
be useful, be advantageous, benefit, profit |
| protego, protegere, protexi, protectus |
cover, protect |
| proventus, proventus M |
outcome, result; success |
| pudeo, pudere, pudui, puditus |
be ashamed; make ashamed |
| purpura, purpurae F |
purple color, purple; purple dye; purple-dyed cloth |
| putris, putris, putre |
rotten, decaying; stinking, putrid, crumbling |
| quam |
how, than |
| quamvis |
however much; although |
| quantus, quanta, quantum |
how great; how much/many; of what size/amount/degree/number/worth/price |
| queo, quire, quivi(ii), quitus |
be able |
| querella, querellae F |
complaint, grievance; illness; difference of opinion; lament; blame |
| questus, questus M |
complaint |
| quid |
why |
| quisquam, cuiusquam |
any, anyone anything; any man, any person |
| quisquis |
whoever; every one who; whoever it be; everyone; each |
| quod |
because, as far as, insofar as |
| quoque |
likewise/besides/also/too; not only; even/actually |
| quot, undeclined |
how many; of what number; as many |
| rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus |
drag off; snatch; destroy; seize, carry off; pillage; hurry |
| ratis, ratis F |
raft; ship, boat |
| reddo, reddere, reddidi, redditus |
return; restore; deliver; hand over, pay back, render, give back; translate |
| redeo, redire, redivi(ii), reditus |
return, go back, give back; fall back on, revert to; respond, pay back |
| refero, referre, rettuli, relatus |
bring/carry back/again/home; move/draw/force back, withdraw; go back, return |
| refugio, refugere, refugi, - |
flee back; run away, escape |
| regnum, regni N |
royal power; power; control; kingdom |
| remitto, remittere, remisi, remissus |
send back, remit; throw back, relax, diminish |
| repeto, repetere, repetivi, repetitus |
return to; get back; demand back/again; repeat; recall; claim |
| repleo, replere, replevi, repletus |
fill again; complete, fill |
| res, rei F |
thing; event/affair/business; fact; cause; property |
| resolvo, resolvere, resolvi, resolutus |
loosen, release, disperse, melt; relax; pay; enervate, pay back; break up |
| resto, restare, restiti, - |
stand firm; stay behind; be left, be left over; remain |
| retineo, retinere, retinui, retentus |
hold back, restrain; uphold; delay; hold fast; retain,preserve |
| revoco, revocare, revocavi, revocatus |
call back, recall; revive; regain |
| rigeo, rigere, -, - |
be stiff or numb; stand on end; be solidified |
| ripa, ripae F |
bank |
| rivus, rivi M |
stream |
| robur, roboris N |
oak; tough core; resolve/purpose; B:tetanus |
| rogus, rogi M |
funeral pyre |
| romanus, romana, romanum |
Roman |
| roro, rorare, roravi, roratus |
cause dew, drip; be moist |
| rubens, (gen.), rubentis |
colored or tinged with red |
| ruina, ruinae F |
fall; catastrophe; collapse, destruction |
| rumpo, rumpere, rupi, ruptus |
break; destroy |
| ruo, ruere, rui, rutus |
destroy, ruin, overthrow; rush on, run; fall; charge; be ruined |
| rursus |
turned back, backward; on the contrary/other hand, in return, in turn, again |
| sacer, sacra, sacrum |
sacred, holy, consecrated; accursed, horrible, detestable |
| saeculum, saeculi N |
age; generation, people born at a time; breed, race; present time/age; century |
| saepe, saepius, saepissime |
often, oft, oftimes, many times, frequently |
| saevitia, saevitiae F |
rage, fierceness, ferocity; cruelty, barbarity, violence |
| salus, salutis F |
health; prosperity; good wish; greeting; salvation, safety |
| saxum, saxi N |
stone |
| scindo, scindere, scidi, scissus |
tear, split, divide; rend, cut to pieces; tear in rage/grief/despair |
| securus, secura, securum |
secure, safe, untroubled, free from care |
| sedeo, sedere, sedi, sessus |
sit, remain; settle; encamp |
| sedes, sedis F |
seat; home, residence; settlement, habitation; chair |
| semel |
once, on one occasion |
| semper |
always |
| senecta, senectae F |
old age; extreme old age; senility; old men collectively; shed snake skin |
| senectus, senectutis F |
old age; extreme age; senility; old men; gray hairs; shed snake skin |
| sepelio, sepelire, sepelivi, sepultus |
bury/inter; submerge, overcome; suppress; ruin |
| septimus, -a, -um |
7th |
| sero, serere, sevi, satus |
sow, plant; strew, scatter, spread; cultivate; beget, bring forth |
| servilis, servilis, servile |
servile, of slaves |
| set |
but, but also; yet; however, but in fact/truth; not to mention; yes but |
| solacium, solaci(i) N |
comfort, solace; relief in sorrow/misfortune; source of comfort/consolation |
| solum, soli N |
bottom, ground, floor; soil, land |
| solvo, solvere, solvi, solutus |
loosen, release, unbind, untie, free; open; set sail; scatter; pay off/back |
| sors, sortis F |
lot, fate; oracular response |
| spargo, spargere, sparsi, sparsus |
scatter, strew, sprinkle; spot |
| specto, spectare, spectavi, spectatus |
observe, watch, look at, see; test; consider |
| spero, sperare, speravi, speratus |
hope for; trust; look forward to; hope |
| spes, spei F |
hope/anticipation/expectation; prospect/hope/promise |
| spiramen, spiraminis N |
air-hole/passage; aspiration, act of breathing; exhalation; breath, puff |
| stabulum, stabuli N |
stall/stable/enclosure/fold; lair/den; herd; garage |
| stagno, stagnare, stagnavi, stagnatus |
form/lie in pools; be under water |
| sterno, sternere, stravi, stratus |
spread, strew, scatter; lay out |
| stimulus, stimuli M |
spur/goad; trap/spike in earth; prick/sting/cause of torment/torture instrument |
| strages, stragis F |
overthrow; massacre, slaughter, cutting down; havoc; confused heap |
| sub |
under; up to, up under, close to; until, before, up to, about |
| subduco, subducere, subduxi, subductus |
lead up, carry off; transfer; haul |
| subitus, subita, subitum |
sudden; rash, unexpected |
| sufficiens, (gen.), sufficientis |
sufficient, adequate |
| supersum, superesse, superfui, superfuturus |
be left over; survive; be in excess/superfluous; remain to be performed |
| tabes, tabis F |
wasting away; decay; putrefaction; fluid resulting from corruption or decay |
| tabum, tabi N |
viscous fluid consisting of putrid matter |
| taceo, tacere, tacui, tacitus |
be silent; pass over in silence; leave unmentioned, be silent about something |
| talis, talis, tale |
such; so great; so excellent; of such kind |
| tam |
so, so much; to such an extent/degree; nevertheless, all the same |
| tandem |
finally; at last, in the end; after some time, eventually; at length |
| tectus, tecta -um, tectior -or -us, tectissimus -a -um |
covered, roofed; hidden, secret; concealed/disguised; guarded/secretive |
| tego, tegere, texi, tectus |
cover, protect; defend; hide |
| templum, templi N |
temple, church; shrine; holy place |
| tenebrosus, tenebrosa, tenebrosum |
dark, gloomy |
| teneo, tenere, tenui, tentus |
hold, keep; comprehend; possess; master; preserve |
| terribilis, terribilis, terribile |
frightful, terrible |
| timeo, timere, timui, - |
fear, dread, be afraid |
| timor, timoris M |
fear; dread |
| tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatus |
lift, raise; destroy; remove, steal; take/lift up/away |
| tono, tonare, tonui, tonitus |
thunder; speak thunderous tones/thunderously; make/resound like thunder |
| torpeo, torpere, -, - |
be numb or lethargic; be struck motionless from fear |
| torreo, torrere, torrui, tostus |
parch, roast, scorch, bake, burn; dry up; begin to burn; harden by charring |
| totus, tota, totum (gen -ius) |
whole, all, entire, total, complete; every part; all together/at once |
| traho, trahere, traxi, tractus |
draw, drag, haul; derive, get |
| transfero, transferre, transtuli, translatus |
transport/convey/transfer/shift; transpose; carry/bring across/over; transplant |
| tremo, tremere, tremui, - |
tremble, shake, shudder at |
| trepidus, trepida, trepidum |
nervous, jumpy, agitated; perilous, alarming, frightened; boiling, foaming |
| tribunicius, tribunicia, tribunicium |
of/belonging to tribune |
| tristis, tristis, triste |
sad, sorrowful; gloomy |
| triumpho, triumphare, triumphavi, triumphatus |
triumph over; celebrate a triumph; conquer completely, triumph |
| triumphus, triumphi M |
triumph, victory parade |
| tum |
then, next; besides; at that time |
| tumulus, tumuli M |
mound, hillock; mound, tomb |
| tuus, tua, tuum |
your |
| tyrannus, tyranni M |
tyrant; despot; monarch, absolute ruler; king, prince |
| ubi |
where, whereby |
| ubique |
anywhere, everywhere |
| ulciscor, ulcisci, ultus sum |
avenge; punish |
| ullus, ulla, ullum (gen -ius) |
any |
| ultimus, ultima, ultimum |
farthest, latest, greatest, highest |
| ultor, ultoris M |
avenger, revenger |
| ultra, ulterius, ultimum |
beyond, further; on the other side; more, more than, in addition, besides |
| ululatus, ululatus M |
howling, wailing; shrieking; yelling |
| ulva, ulvae F |
sedge; various grass/rush-like aquatic plants |
| umbra, umbrae F |
shade; ghost; shadow |
| unda, undae F |
wave |
| uter, utra, utrum |
which, whichever, no matter which; one, either, one or other |
| utor, uti, usus sum |
use, make use of, enjoy; enjoy the friendship of |
| vaco, vacare, vacavi, vacatus |
be empty; be vacant; be idle; be free from, be unoccupied |
| vagor, vagari, vagatus sum |
wander, roam |
| vanus, vana, vanum |
empty, vain; false, untrustworthy |
| vel |
or |
| venio, venire, veni, ventus |
come |
| vergo, vergere, -, - |
incline, lie, slope |
| verto, vertere, verti, versus |
turn, turn around; change, alter; overthrow, destroy |
| veto, vetare, vetui, vetitus |
forbid, prohibit; reject, veto; be an obstacle to; prevent |
| victima, victimae F |
victim; animal for sacrifice |
| victor, victoris M |
conqueror; victor |
| victoria, victoriae F |
victory |
| vilis, vilis, vile |
cheap, common, mean, worthless |
| vinco, vincere, vici, victus |
conquer, defeat, excel; outlast; succeed |
| vinculum, vinculi N |
chain, bond, fetter; imprisonment |
| violo, violare, violavi, violatus |
violate, dishonor; outrage |
| vis, vis F |
strength, force, power, might, violence |
| viscer, visceris N |
entrails; innermost part of the body; heart; vitals |
| viscus, visceris N |
soft fleshy body parts, internal organs; entrails, flesh; offspring |
| vivax, vivacis (gen.), vivacior -or -us, vivacissimus -a -um |
long-lived, tenacious of life; lively, vigorous, energetic; high-spirited |
| vivus, viva, vivum |
alive, fresh; living |
| volnus, volneris N |
wound; mental/emotional hurt; injury to one's interests; wound of love |
| votum, voti N |
vow, pledge, religious undertaking/promise; prayer/wish; votive offering; vote |
| vox, vocis F |
voice, tone, expression |