Augustalis, Augustalis M |
member of imperial military/religious group; title of Prefect of Egypt |
Brutus, Bruti M |
Brutus |
C., abb. |
Gaius; centum/100 |
Cassius, Cassi M |
Cassius |
Claudius, Claudi M |
Claudius; Lame |
Cn., abb. |
Gnaeus |
Germanicus, Germanica, Germanicum |
German |
Hercules, Herculis M |
Hercules |
Julianus, Juliani M |
Julian |
Junius, Junia, Junium |
June; abb. Jun. |
M'., abb. |
Manius |
Mars, Martis M |
Mars, Roman god of war; warlike spirit, fighting, battle, army, force of arms |
Messalla, Messallae M |
Messala/Messalla |
Nero, Neronis M |
Nero |
Num., abb. |
Numerius |
Oceanus, Oceani M |
Ocean |
Octavius, Octavii M |
Octavius; name of Roman gens |
Palatium, Palati(i) N |
Palatine Hill |
Penates, Penatum |
Penates; gods of home/larder/family; home/dwelling; family/line |
Piso, Pisonis M |
Piso |
Pompeianus, Pompeiana, Pompeianum |
Pompeian; of/belonging to member of Pompian gens |
Q., abb. |
Quintus |
Roma, Romae F |
Rome |
Seius, Seia, Seium |
Seius; fictitious name in law |
Sicilia, Siciliae F |
Sicily |
Valerius, Valeria, Valerium |
of Valerius, Roman gens; P. V. Publicola, one of the first consuls |
Vesta, Vestae F |
Vesta |
abdo, abdere, abdidi, abditus |
remove, put away, set aside; depart, go away; hide, keep secret, conceal |
abduco, abducere, abduxi, abductus |
lead away, carry off; detach, attract away, entice, seduce, charm; withdraw |
abnueo, abnuere, -, - |
refuse, decline; deny; refuse by a sign, shake head; reject; rule out |
abscedo, abscedere, abscessi, abscessus |
withdraw, depart, retire; go/pass off/away; desist; recede; slough |
abstineo, abstinere, abstinui, abstentus |
withhold, keep away/clear; abstain, fast; refrain; avoid; keep hands of |
acies, aciei F |
sharpness, sharp edge, point; battle line/array; sight, glance; pupil of eye |
adcelero, adcelerare, adceleravi, adceleratus |
speed up, quicken, hurry; make haste, act quickly, hasten; accelerate |
adclamo, adclamare, adclamavi, adclamatus |
shout, cry out against, protest; shout approval, applaud |
adcresco, adcrescere, adcrevi, adcretus |
increase/swell, grow larger/up/progressively; be added/annexed to; arise |
adcurro, adcurrere, adcurri, adcursus |
run/hasten to; come/rush up; charge, rush to attack |
adeo, adire, adivi(ii), aditus |
approach; attack; visit, address; undertake; take possession |
adfero, adferre, adtuli, adlatus |
bring to, carry, convey; report, bring word, allege, announce; produce, cause |
adficio, adficere, adfeci, adfectus |
affect, make impression; move, influence; cause, afflict, weaken |
adfinitas, adfinitatis F |
relation by marriage; relationship, bond/union; neighborhood |
adfundo, adfundere, adfudi, adfusus |
pour on/upon/into, heap up; shed/spill; wash |
adimo, adimere, ademi, ademptus |
withdraw, take away, carry off; castrate; deprive, steal, seize; annul; rescue |
adipiscor, adipisci, adeptus sum |
gain, secure, win, obtain; arrive at, come up to/into; inherit; overtake |
admodum |
very, exceedingly, greatly, quite; excessively; just so; certainly, completely |
admoneo, admonere, admonui, admonitus |
admonish, remind, prompt; suggest, advise, raise; persuade, urge; warn, caution |
adoptio, adoptionis F |
adoption of child; adoption into family; grafting |
adpono, adponere, adposui, adpositus |
place near, set before/on table, serve up; put/apply/add to; appoint/assign |
adrogantia, adrogantiae F |
insolence, arrogance, conceit, haughtiness; presumption |
adrogo, adrogare, adrogavi, adrogatus |
ask, question; arrogate to one's self, claim, make undue claim; confer |
adscisco, adsciscere, adscivi, adscitus |
adopt, assume; receive, admit, approve of, associate; take over, claim |
adscribo, adscribere, adscripsi, adscriptus |
add/state in writing, insert; appoint; enroll, enfranchise; reckon, number |
adstrepo, adstrepere, adstrepui, - |
make a noise at, shout in support, take up a cry; assail with noise; murmur |
adsuetudo, adsuetudinis F |
custom, habit; repeated practice/experience/association; intimacy, intercourse |
adulatio, adulationis F |
flattery, adulation; prostrating oneself; fawning, courtship |
adulescens, adulescentis (gen.), adulescentior -or -us, adulescentissimus -a -um |
young, youthful; "minor" |
adulor, adulari, adulatus sum |
fawn upon; flatter, court; make obeisance |
advenio, advenire, adveni, adventus |
come to, arrive; arrive at, reach, be brought; develop, set in, arise |
adverso, adversare, adversavi, adversatus |
apply, direct |
advolvo, advolvere, advolvi, advolutus |
roll to/towards; fall on knees, grovel, prostrate oneself |
aegre, aegrius, aegerrime |
scarcely, with difficulty, painfully, hardly; reluctantly, uncomfortably |
aemulatio, aemulationis F |
rivalry, ambition; unfriendly rivalry; emulation, imitation |
aequo, aequare, aequavi, aequatus |
level, make even/straight; equal; compare; reach as high or deep as |
aerarius, aerari(i) M |
lowest class citizen, pays poll tax but cannot vote/hold office; coppersmith |
aestas, aestatis F |
summer; summer heat/weather; a year |
aestimo, aestimare, aestimavi, aestimatus |
value, assess; estimate; reckon; consider, judge; esteem |
aestivus, aestiva, aestivum |
summer-like, summer; pertaining to/occurring in/used for/appearing in summer |
ager, agri M |
field, ground; farm, land, estate, park; territory, country; terrain; soil |
aggero, aggerare, aggeravi, aggeratus |
heap/fill up, bring, carry; increase, add fuel; push/crowd/press together |
agito, agitare, agitavi, agitatus |
stir/drive/shake/move about; revolve; live; control, ride; consider, pursue |
ago, agere, egi, actus |
drive/urge/conduct/act; spend; thank; deliver |
aio, -, - |
say, assert; say yes/so, affirm, assent; prescribe/lay down |
aliquid |
to some degree/extent; somewhat |
aliter |
otherwise, differently; in any other way |
ambigo, ambigere, -, - |
hesitate, be in doubt; argue, dispute, contend; call in question; be at issue |
ambiguus, ambigua, ambiguum |
changeable, doubtful, ambiguous, wavering, fickle; treacherous, unethical |
ambulo, ambulare, ambulavi, ambulatus |
walk, take a walk, go on foot; travel, march; go about, gad; parade, strut |
amicitia, amicitiae F |
friendship, bond between friends; alliance, association; friendly relations |
amicus, amica -um, amicior -or -us, amicissimus -a -um |
friendly, dear, fond of; supporting, loyal, devoted; loving |
amnis, amnis M |
river, stream; current; water; the river Ocean |
anima, animae F |
soul, spirit, vital principle; life; breathing; wind, breeze; air |
annona, annonae F |
year's produce; provisions; allotment/rations; wheat/food; price of grain/food |
annuus, annua, annuum |
for a year, lasting/appointed for a year; paid/performed yearly, annual |
ante |
in front/presence of, in view; before; over against, facing |
antefero, anteferre, antetuli, antelatus |
carry before; place before/in front of; bring in advance, anticipate; prefer |
anxius, anxia, anxium |
anxious, uneasy, disturbed; concerned; careful; prepared with care; troublesome |
appello, appellare, appellavi, appellatus |
call; address; dun; solicit; appeal; bring to court; accuse; name |
aquilus, aquila, aquilum |
dark colored/hued, swarthy |
ara, arae F |
altar, structure for sacrifice, pyre; sanctuary; home; refuge, shelter |
arbitrium, arbitri(i) N |
arbitration; choice, judgment, decision; sentence; will, mastery, authority |
arcanus, arcana, arcanum |
secret, private, hidden; intimate, personal; confidential; mysterious, esoteric |
arduus, ardua -um, arduior -or -us, arduissimus -a -um |
steep, high, lofty, towering, tall; erect, rearing; uphill; arduous, difficult |
arguo, arguere, argui, argutus |
prove, argue, allege; disclose; accuse, complain of, charge, blame, convict |
as, assis M |
penny, copper coin; a pound; one, whole, unit; circular flap/valve; round slice |
aspernor, aspernari, aspernatus sum |
despise, scorn, disdain; spurn, push away, repel, reject; refuse, decline |
aspicio, aspicere, aspexi, aspectus |
look/gaze on/at, see, observe, behold, regard; face; consider, contemplate |
assum, adesse, affui, affuturus |
be near, be present, be in attendance, arrive, appear; aid |
atrox, atrocis (gen.), atrocior -or -us, atrocissimus -a -um |
fierce, savage, bloody; heinous, cruel; severe; terrible, frightening, dreadful |
audeo, audere, ausus sum |
intend, be prepared; dare/have courage, act boldly, venture, risk |
audio, audire, audivi, auditus |
hear, listen, accept, agree with; obey; harken, pay attention; be able to hear |
aufero, auferre, abstuli, ablatus |
bear/carry/take/fetch/sweep/snatch away/off, remove, withdraw; steal, obtain |
augeo, augere, auxi, auctus |
increase, enlarge, augment; spread; honor, promote, raise; exalt; make a lot of |
aula, aulae F |
hall; church/temple; palace/castle; inner/royal court; courtiers; royal power |
auris, auris F |
ear; hearing; a discriminating sense of hearing,"ear"; pin on plow |
avaritia, avaritiae F |
greed, avarice; rapacity; miserliness, stinginess, meanness |
avidus, avida -um, avidior -or -us, avidissimus -a -um |
greedy, eager, ardent, desirous of; avaricious, insatiable; lustful, passionate |
bellum, belli N |
war, warfare; battle, combat, fight; war; military force, arms |
bellus, bella -um, bellior -or -us, bellissimus -a -um |
pretty, handsome, charming, pleasant, agreeable, polite; nice, fine, excellent |
binus, bina, binum |
two by two; 2 each; in pairs; 2 at time; on 2 occasions; double, twofold |
brutus, bruta, brutum |
heavy, unwieldy, inert; dull, stupid, brute; irrational, insensitive, brutish |
cado, cadere, cecidi, casus |
fall, sink, drop, plummet, topple; be slain, die; end, cease, abate; decay |
caedis, caedis F |
murder/slaughter/massacre; assassination; feuding; slain/victims; blood/gore |
caelestis, caeleste, caelestior -or -us, caelestissimus -a -um |
heavenly, of heavens/sky, from heaven/sky; celestial; divine; of the Gods |
caelus, caeli M |
heaven, sky, heavens; space; air, climate, weather; universe, world; Jehovah |
caespes, caespitis M |
grassy ground, grass; earth; sod, turf; altar/rampart/mound of sod/turf/earth |
campus, campi M |
plain; level field/surface; open space for battle/games; sea; scope; campus |
candido, candidare, candidavi, candidatus |
make glittering/bright; make white |
canities, canitiei F |
white/gray coloring/deposit; gray/white hair, grayness of hair; old age |
capax, capacis (gen.), capacior -or -us, capacissimus -a -um |
large, spacious, roomy, big; capable, fit, competent; has right to inherit |
capitalis, capitale, capitalior -or -us, capitalissimus -a -um |
of/belonging to head/life; deadly, mortal; dangerous; excellent, first-rate |
caput, capitis N |
head; person; life; leader; top; source/mouth; capital |
carcer, carceris M |
prison, jail; jailbird; starting barriers at race-course, traps; beginning |
caritas, caritatis F |
charity; love, affection, esteem, favor; dearness; high price |
casus, casus M |
fall, overthrow; chance/fortune; accident, emergency, calamity, plight; fate |
celebratio, celebrationis F |
celebrating a festival/mass; throng/crowd, audience/gathering; common use/vogue |
celebro, celebrare, celebravi, celebratus |
celebrate/perform; frequent; honor/glorify; publicize/advertise; discuss/bandy |
censeo, censere, censui, censitus |
think/suppose, judge; recommend; decree, vote, determine; count/reckon; assess |
centuria, centuriae F |
century, company of 60-100 men in legion; voting unit; land unit |
certamen, certaminis N |
contest, competition; battle, combat, struggle; rivalry; dispute |
certus, certa -um, certior -or -us, certissimus -a -um |
fixed, settled, firm; certain; trusty/reliable; sure; resolved, determined |
cio, cire, civi(ii), citus |
move, set in motion; excite/rouse/stir up; urge on; summon/muster/call up |
circum |
around, about, among, near, in neighborhood of; in circle around |
circumjicio, circumjicere, circumjeci, circumjectus |
cast/throw or place/put/build around; put on flank of; encompass/envelop |
circumsto, circumstare, circumsteti, circumstatus |
stand/gather/crowd around, surround, beset; be on either side |
circumvenio, circumvenire, circumveni, circumventus |
encircle, surround; assail, beset; enclose; circumvent; defraud/trick; surpass |
civitas, civitatis F |
community/city/town/state; citizens; citizen rights/citizenship; naturalization |
clades, cladis F |
defeat, reverse; casualties, slaughter/carnage/devastation; ruins; dissolution |
clamito, clamitare, clamitavi, clamitatus |
cry out, yell; shout repeatedly, clamor; proclaim; name/call repeatedly/loudly |
clamor, clamoris M |
shout, outcry/protest; loud shouting, applause; clamor/noise/din |
classis, classis F |
class/division of Romans; grade; levy/draft; fleet/navy; group/band |
codicillus, codicilli M |
notepad, small log; writing tablets; patent; petition to Emperor; will/codicil |
coerceo, coercere, coercui, coercitus |
enclose, confine; restrain, check, curb, repress; limit; preserve; punish |
coetus, coetus M |
meeting, encounter, assembly; union; band, gang, crowd |
cognosco, cognoscere, cognovi, cognitus |
become acquainted with/aware of; recognize; learn, find to be; inquire/examine |
colligo, colligere, collegi, collectus |
collect, assemble, bring/gather/hold/keep together; combine; harvest; pick up |
colo, colere, colui, cultus |
live in, inhabit; till, cultivate, promote growth; foster, maintain |
comitium, comiti(i) N |
place in Forum where comitia were held; comitia, assembly; elections |
comito, comitare, comitavi, comitatus |
accompany, go along with; attend; follow; grow alongside |
commendo, commendare, commendavi, commendatus |
entrust, give in trust; commit; recommend, commend to; point out, designate |
comparatio, comparationis F |
construction; material/constituent; combination/conjunction; relationship |
comperio, comperire, comperi, compertus |
learn/discover/find; verify/know for certain; find guilty |
compono, componere, composui, compositus |
compare; place/put/add/collect together, collate; match; store/hoard; calm |
concedo, concedere, concessi, concessus |
relinquish/give up/concede; depart; pardon; submit, allow/grant/permit/condone |
concieo, concire, concivi(ii), concitus |
move, set in violent motion, stir up; muster; rouse, excite, incite, provoke |
concipio, concipere, concepi, conceptus |
take in/up, receive, catch; derive/draw; contain/hold; grasp; adopt; wed |
conclamo, conclamare, conclamavi, conclamatus |
cry/shout aloud/out; make resound w/shouts; give a signal; summon; bewail/mourn |
condicio, condicionis F |
agreement/contract; terms, proposal/option/alternative; situation; stipulation |
conecto, conectere, conexi, conexus |
join/fasten/link together, connect/associate; lead to; tie; implicate/involve |
confessio, confessionis F |
confession, creed, avowal of belief/faith; acknowledgement of Christ; suffering |
conficio, conficere, confeci, confectus |
make, construct; prepare, complete, accomplish; cause; perform; do thoroughly |
congero, congerere, congessi, congestus |
collect, bring/get together, amass; heap/pile up/on; build, construct; compile |
congrego, congregare, congregavi, congregatus |
collect/bring together/assemble/convene; flock, congregate; group; concentrate |
conjecto, conjectare, conjectavi, conjectatus |
conjecture, think, imagine, infer, guess, conclude; judge, draw a conclusion |
conloquium, conloquii N |
talk, conversation; colloquy/discussion; interview; meeting/conference; parley |
consentio, consentire, consensi, consensus |
join/share in sensation/feeling; be in agreement/harmony; be of the same mind |
conspicuus, conspicua, conspicuum |
visible, clearly seen, in sight/full view; illustrious/notable/famous/striking |
constituo, constituere, constitui, constitutus |
set up/in position, erect; place/dispose/locate; halt; plant |
consto, constare, constiti, constatus |
agree/correspond/fit, be correct; be dependent/based upon; exist/continue/last |
consulatus, consulatus M |
consulship/consulate; office of consul; actions/acts as consul |
contineo, continere, continui, contentus |
secure, maintain, sustain; fasten/hold in position; retain, keep safe, preserve |
continuo, continuare, continuavi, continuatus |
make continuous; put in line, join, connect, unite |
contionabundus, contionabunda, contionabundum |
delivering public speech/harangue; proposing something at public assembly |
contubernium, contuberni(i) N |
companionship in a tent; band/brotherhood; shared war tent; apartment/lodging |
copia, copiae F |
plenty, abundance, supply; troops, supplies; forces; resources; wealth |
cora, corae F |
pupil of the eye |
corrumpo, corrumpere, corrupi, corruptus |
spoil/rot; taint/contaminate; damage/ruin, undo; destroy/deface; digest; infect |
corvus, corvi M |
raven; cormorant; kind of sea fish; constellation Corvus/Raven |
credibilis, credibilis, credibile |
credible/trustworthy/believable/plausible/convincing/likely/probable |
cremo, cremare, cremavi, crematus |
burn/cremate; consume/destroy; burn alive; make burnt offering |
crimen, criminis N |
indictment/charge/accusation; blame/reproach/slander; verdict/judgment |
crispus, crispa, crispum |
curled/curly; trembling/vibrating; uneven/wrinkled/twisted; elegant |
crudus, cruda -um, crudior -or -us, crudissimus -a -um |
raw; bloody/bleeding; crude, cruel, rough, merciless; fierce/savage; grievous |
cruentus, cruenta -um, cruentior -or -us, cruentissimus -a -um |
bloody/bleeding/discharging blood; gory; blood red; polluted w/blood-guilt |
cubiculum, cubiculi N |
bedroom; sleeping chamber/apartment/suite |
cumulo, cumulare, cumulavi, cumulatus |
heap/pile up/high, gather into a pile/heap; accumulate, amass; load/fill full |
cunctabundus, cunctabunda, cunctabundum |
lingering, loitering; slow to action, delaying, hesitating, hesitant; tardy |
cunctor, cunctari, cunctatus sum |
delay, impede, hold up; hesitate, tarry, linger; be slow to act; dawdle; doubt |
cupidus, cupida -um, cupidior -or -us, cupidissimus -a -um |
eager/passionate; longing for/desirous of; greedy; wanton/lecherous |
cupio, cupere, cupivi, cupitus |
wish/long/be eager for; desire/want, covet; desire as a lover; favor, wish well |
cur |
why, wherefore; for what reason/purpose?; on account of which?; because |
cura, curae F |
concern, worry, anxiety, trouble; attention, care, pains, zeal; cure, treatment |
curatus, curata -um, curatior -or -us, curatissimus -a -um |
well looked after; carefully prepared; anxious, solicitous, earnest |
curius, curia, curium |
grievous; full of sorrow |
curo, curare, curavi, curatus |
arrange/see/attend to; take care of; provide for; worry/care about; heal/cure |
currus, currus M |
chariot, light horse vehicle; triumphal chariot; triumph; wheels on plow; cart |
custodia, custodiae F |
protection, safe-keeping, defense, preservation; custody, charge; prisoner |
damno, damnare, damnavi, damnatus |
pass/pronounce judgment, find guilty; deliver/condemn/sentence; harm/damn/doom |
decipio, decipere, decepi, deceptus |
cheat/deceive/mislead/dupe/trap; elude/escape notice; disappoint/frustrate/foil |
decum |
10th-; 10th |
decus, decoris N |
glory/splendor; honor/distinction; deeds; dignity/virtue; decorum; grace/beauty |
defero, deferre, detuli, delatus |
carry/bring/sink/fall down/off; convey/deliver/transfer; reduce/slope |
defungor, defungi, defunctus sum |
have done with, finish, bring/come to end, be quit/done/rid of; discharge |
dein |
then/next/afterward; thereon/henceforth/from there/then; in next position/place |
deminutio, deminutionis F |
diminution/making smaller; decrease/depletion/attenuation; deduction/subtractio |
denarius, denaria, denarium |
containing/related to the number ten; worth a denarius |
deni, denae, dena |
ten each, tenfold |
denique |
finally, in the end; and then; at worst; in short, to sum up; in fact, indeed |
depello, depellere, depuli, depulsus |
drive/push out//off/away/aside, repel; expel; remove, wean; banish utterly |
deprecor, deprecari, deprecatus sum |
avert by prayer; entreat/pray/beg; intercede/beg pardon/mercy/relief/exemption |
descisco, desciscere, descivi, descitus |
desert/defect/revolt; deviate/abandon standard/principle; degenerate; fall away |
desertor, desertoris M |
deserter; one who abandons/forsakes; fugitive; turncoat; runaway |
desiderium, desideri(i) N |
desire/longing/want/requirement; desire/grief/regret for dead/absent/loss |
designo, designare, designavi, designatus |
mark; point/mark/trace out, outline/describe; indicate/designate/denote |
desino, desinere, desivi, desitus |
stop/end/finish, abandon/leave/break off, desist/cease; come to/at end/close |
destino, destinare, destinavi, destinatus |
fix/bind/fasten down; fix, make up mind; aim/fix on target, mark out |
detero, deterere, detrivi, detritus |
rub/wear/file away/down; remove, rub off/out; wear down to smooth surface |
detorqueo, detorquere, detorsi, detortus |
turn/twist/bend/pull away/aside; deflect; deviate; divert; sway |
dictito, dictitare, dictitavi, dictitatus |
repeat; persist in saying, keep on saying/speaking of; say/plead/call often |
dicto, dictare, dictavi, dictatus |
dictate; compose; draw up; order/prescribe; fix |
dignitas, dignitatis F |
worth, excellence; fitness/suitability,; honor, esteem, standing |
dilabor, dilabi, dilapsus sum |
run/flow/slip away, spread; dissolve/melt away, disperse |
dimitto, dimittere, dimisi, dimissus |
send away/off; allow to go, let go/off; disband, discharge, dismiss |
disciplina, disciplinae F |
teaching, instruction, education; training; discipline; method, science, study |
disco, discere, didici, discitus |
learn; hear, get to know, become acquainted with; acquire knowledge/skill of/in |
discordo, discordare, discordavi, discordatus |
be at variance, quarrel; be different |
discrepo, discrepare, discrepavi, discrepatus |
disagree/differ/vary; have differences/discrepancies/difference of opinion |
dissero, disserere, disserui, dissertus |
arrange, dispose, set in order; discuss; examine; explain, set out in words |
diverto, divertere, diverti, diversus |
separate; divert, turn away/in; digress; oppose; divorce/leave marriage |
dives, divitis (gen.), divitior -or -us, divitissimus -a -um |
rich/wealthy; costly; fertile/productive; talented, well endowed |
divido, dividere, divisi, divisus |
divide; separate, break up; share, distribute; distinguish |
divisio, divisionis F |
division; distribution |
doceo, docere, docui, doctus |
teach, show, point out |
dolus, doli M |
trick, device, deceit, treachery, trickery, cunning, fraud |
domesticus, domestica, domesticum |
domestic, of the house; familiar, native; civil, private, personal |
dominor, dominari, dominatus sum |
be master/despot/in control, rule over, exercise sovereignty; rule/dominate |
domus, domus F |
house, building; home, household |
domus, domi F |
house, building; home, household |
donec |
while, as long as, until |
donum, doni N |
gift, present; offering |
dubitatio, dubitationis F |
doubt, irresolution, uncertainty; wavering, hesitation; questioning |
dubius, dubia, dubium |
doubtful, dubious, uncertain; variable, dangerous; critical |
duco, ducere, duxi, ductus |
lead, command; think, consider, regard; prolong |
dulcedo, dulcedinis F |
sweetness, agreeableness; charm |
dum |
while, as long as, until; provided that |
duodecim, duodecimus -a -um, duodeni -ae -a, duodecie(n)s |
|
duro, durare, duravi, duratus |
harden, make hard; become hard/stern; bear, last, remain, continue; endure |
durus, dura -um, durior -or -us, durissimus -a -um |
hard, stern; harsh, rough, vigorous; cruel, unfeeling, inflexible; durable |
dux, ducis M |
leader, guide; commander, general; Duke |
e |
out of, from; by reason of; according to; because of, as a result of |
eadem |
by the same route; at the same time; likewise; same |
edo, edere, edidi, editus |
eject/emit; put/give forth; beget; bear; display/evince/exhibit |
edo, edere, edi, essus |
eat/consume/devour; eat away; destroy; spend money on food |
effigies, effigiei F |
copy, image, likeness, portrait; effigy, statue; ghost |
effringo, effringere, effregi, effractus |
break open; smash; break in |
effundo, effundere, effudi, effusus |
pour out/away/off; allow to drain; shower; volley; send/stream forth |
egregius, egregia, egregium |
singular; distinguished; exceptional; extraordinary; eminent; excellent |
eligo, eligere, elegi, electus |
pick out, choose |
enimvero |
to be sure, certainly; well, upon by word; but, on the other hand; what is more |
eques, equitis M |
horseman/cavalryman/rider; horsemen, cavalry; equestrian order |
erga |
towards, opposite |
etenim |
and indeed, because, since, as a matter of fact |
etsi |
although, though, even if; albeit; I know that but |
evenio, evenire, eveni, eventus |
come out/about/forth; happen; turn out |
evito, evitare, evitavi, evitatus |
shun, avoid |
excubia, excubiae F |
watching; keeping of a watch/guard/vigil; the watch, soldiers on guard |
excuso, excusare, excusavi, excusatus |
excuse/justify/explain; make excuse for/plead as excuse; allege; absolve/exempt |
exeo, exire, exivi(ii), exitus |
come/go/sail/march/move out/forth/away, leave; pass, expire/perish/die |
exerceo, exercere, exercui, exercitus |
exercise, train, drill, practice; enforce, administer; cultivate |
exercitus, exercitus M |
army, infantry; swarm, flock |
exilium, exili(i) N |
exile, banishment; place of exile/retreat; exiles, those exiled |
experior, experiri, expertus sum |
test, put to the test; find out; attempt, try; prove, experience |
expleo, explere, explevi, expletus |
fill out; fill, fill up, complete, finish; satisfy, satiate |
exposco, exposcere, expoposci, - |
request, ask for, demand; demand the surrender of |
expostulatio, expostulationis F |
complaint, protest |
expostulo, expostulare, expostulavi, expostulatus |
demand, call for, remonstrate, complain about |
exprimo, exprimere, expressi, expressus |
squeeze, squeeze/press out; imitate, copy; portray; pronounce, express |
exprobro, exprobrare, exprobravi, exprobratus |
reproach, upbraid, reprove; bring up as reproach |
exsequor, exsequi, exsecutus sum |
follow, go along/on with; pursue for vengeance/punishment; strive/search after |
exsolvo, exsolvere, exsolvi, exsolutus |
unfasten/undo/loose; open; thaw; let flow; solve |
exspecto, exspectare, exspectavi, exspectatus |
lookout for, await; expect, anticipate, hope for |
exstruo, exstruere, exstruxi, exstructus |
pile/build up, raise, build, construct |
extollo, extollere, -, - |
raise; lift up; extol, advance; erect |
extorqueo, extorquere, extorsi, extortus |
extort; tear away, twist away; twist/wrench out |
exuo, exuere, exui, exutus |
pull off; undress, take off; strip, deprive of; lay aside, cast off |
facilis, facile, facilior -or -us, facillimus -a -um |
easy, easy to do, without difficulty, ready, quick, good natured, courteous |
facinus, facinoris N |
deed; crime; outrage |
fallo, fallere, fefelli, falsus |
deceive; slip by; disappoint; be mistaken, beguile, drive away; fail; cheat |
fama, famae F |
rumor; reputation; tradition; fame, public opinion, ill repute; report, news |
familia, familiae F |
household; household of slaves; family; clan; religious community |
fas, undeclined N |
divine/heaven's law/will/command; that which is right/lawful/moral/allowed |
fascis, fascis M |
bundles of rods |
fastigium, fastigi(i) N |
peak, summit, top; slope, declivity, descent; gable, roof; sharp point, tip |
fateor, fateri, fassus sum |
admit, confess; disclose; acknowledge; praise |
faveo, favere, favi, fautus |
favor, befriend, support, back up |
favor, favoris M |
favor, goodwill; bias; applause |
feminus, femina, feminum |
female |
fessus, fessa, fessum |
tired, wearied, fatigued, exhausted; worn out, weak, feeble, infirm, sick |
festino, festinare, festinavi, festinatus |
hasten, hurry |
fides, fidei F |
faith, loyalty; honesty; credit; confidence, trust, belief; good faith |
filia, filiae F |
daughter |
fingo, fingere, finxi, fictus |
mold, form, shape; create, invent; produce; imagine; compose; devise, contrive |
finio, finire, finivi, finitus |
limit, end; finish; determine, define; mark out the boundaries |
fio, feri, factus sum |
happen, come about; result; take place, be held, occur, arise |
firmo, firmare, firmavi, firmatus |
strengthen, harden; support; declare; prove, confirm, establish |
flagitium, flagiti(i) N |
shame, disgrace; scandal, shameful act, outrage, disgraceful thing; scoundrel |
flamen, flaminis |
priest, flamen; priest of specific deity |
flecto, flectere, flexi, flexus |
bend, curve, bow; turn, curl; persuade, prevail on, soften |
foedus, foederis N |
treaty, league, formal agreement, alliance; P:peace, amity |
foris, foris F |
door, gate; a folding door; double door; entrance |
formido, formidinis F |
fear/terror/alarm; religious dread/awe; thing/reason which scares, bogy/horror |
fors, fortis F |
chance; luck, fortune; accident |
fortuna, fortunae F |
chance, luck, fate; prosperity; condition, wealth, property |
foveo, fovere, fovi, fotus |
keep warm; favor, cherish, maintain, foster |
fungor, fungi, functus sum |
perform, execute, discharge; be engaged in |
furor, furoris M |
madness, rage, fury, frenzy; passionate love |
gaudium, gaudi(i) N |
joy, delight, gladness; source/cause of joy; physical/sensual delight |
gens, gentis F |
tribe, clan; nation, people; Gentiles |
gloria, gloriae F |
glory, fame; ambition; renown; vainglory, boasting |
gradus, gradus M |
step; position |
gratia, gratiae F |
popularity/esteem/credit; partiality/favoritism; unpopularity |
gregarius, gregaria, gregarium |
of/belonging to rank and file |
haud |
not, not at all, by no means; not |
heres, heredis |
heir/heiress |
hiems, hiemis F |
winter, winter time; rainy season; cold, frost; storm, stormy weather |
honoro, honorare, honoravi, honoratus |
respect, honor |
horridus, horrida, horridum |
wild, frightful, rough, bristly, standing on end, unkempt; grim; horrible |
hortor, hortari, hortatus sum |
encourage; cheer; incite; urge; exhort |
hostis, hostis |
enemy; stranger, foreigner; the enemy |
idcirco |
on that account; therefore |
ideo |
therefore, for the reason that, for that reason |
ignarus, ignara, ignarum |
ignorant; unaware, having no experience of; senseless; strange |
ignavia, ignaviae F |
idleness, laziness; faintheartedness |
imago, imaginis F |
likeness, image, appearance; statue; idea; echo; ghost, phantom |
imbuo, imbuere, imbui, imbutus |
wet, soak, dip; give initial instruction |
immensus, immensa, immensum |
immeasurable, immense/vast/boundless/unending; infinitely great; innumerable |
immineo, imminere, -, - |
threaten, be a threat; overhang, be imminent; with DAT |
imperitus, imperita, imperitum |
unskilled, inexperienced; unfamiliar, ignorant |
implico, implicare, implicui, implicitus |
implicate; involve/engage/entangle/embroil; interweave/fold/twine w/itself |
improspere |
unfortunately |
inanis, inanis, inane |
void, empty, hollow; vain; inane, foolish |
incedo, incedere, incessi, incessus |
advance, march; approach; step, walk, march along |
incertus, incerta, incertum |
uncertain; unsure, inconstant, variable; doubtful |
incitamentum, incitamenti N |
incentive, stimulus |
incolumis, incolumis, incolume |
unharmed, uninjured; alive, safe; unimpaired |
increpo, increpare, increpui, increpitus |
rattle, snap, clash, roar, twang, make noise; strike noisily |
incultus, inculta -um, incultior -or -us, incultissimus -a -um |
uncultivated, overgrown; unkempt; rough, uncouth; uncourted |
inde |
thence, thenceforth; from that place/time/cause; thereupon |
indignus, indigna -um, indignior -or -us, indignissimus -a -um |
unworthy, undeserving, undeserved; unbecoming; shameful; intolerable; cruel |
induco, inducere, induxi, inductus |
lead in, bring in; induce, influence; introduce |
ineo, inire, inivi(ii), initus |
enter; undertake; begin; go in; enter upon |
infero, inferre, intuli, inlatus |
bring/carry in, import; advance, bring/march/step/move foward; impel, urge |
inferus, infera -um, inferior -or -us, infimus -a -um |
below, beneath, underneath; of hell; vile; lower, further down; lowest, last |
infructuosus, infructuosa, infructuosum |
unfruitful, unproductive |
inimicitia, inimicitiae F |
unfriendliness, enmity, hostility |
initium, initi(i) N |
beginning, commencement; entrance |
inlectus, inlecta, inlectum |
unread |
inlustris, inlustre, inlustrior -or -us, inlustrissimus -a -um |
bright, shining, brilliant; clear, lucid; illustrious, distinguished, famous |
inpar, (gen.), inparis |
unequal; uneven, odd; inferior; not a match |
inpedio, inpedire, inpedivi, inpeditus |
hinder, impede, hamper, obstruct, prevent from |
inpello, inpellere, inpuli, inpulsus |
drive/persuade/impel; urge on/action; push/thrust/strike against; overthrow |
inprovisus, inprovisa, inprovisum |
unforeseen/unexpected |
inquiam, -, - |
say |
inrideo, inridere, inrisi, inrisus |
laugh at, ridicule |
inritus, inrita, inritum |
ineffective, useless, invalid; in vain |
insignis, insignis, insigne |
conspicuous, manifest, eminent, notable, famous, distinguished, outstanding |
instituo, instituere, institui, institutus |
set up, establish, found, make, institute; build; prepare; decide |
insurgo, insurgere, insurrexi, insurrectus |
rise up; rise up against |
intellego, intellegere, intellexi, intellectus |
understand; realize |
intercedo, intercedere, intercessi, intercessus |
intervene; intercede, interrupt; hinder; veto; exist/come between |
interfector, interfectoris M |
killer, murderer; assassin; destroyer |
intermitto, intermittere, intermisi, intermissus |
interrupt; omit; stop; leave off; leave a gap |
interrogatio, interrogationis F |
interrogation, inquiry, questioning |
intro, intrare, intravi, intratus |
enter; go into, penetrate; reach |
introeo, introire, introivi(ii), introitus |
enter, go in or into; invade |
introspicio, introspicere, introspexi, introspectus |
examine; inspect; look upon |
invado, invadere, invasi, invasus |
enter, attempt; invade; take possession of; attack |
invalidus, invalida, invalidum |
infirm, weak feeble ineffectual |
inveho, invehere, invexi, invectus |
carry/bring in, import; ride, drive, sail, attack |
invideo, invidere, invidi, invisus |
envy, regard with envy/ill will; be jealous of; begrudge, refuse |
invisus, invisa, invisum |
hated, detested; hateful, hostile |
invitus, invita, invitum |
reluctant; unwilling; against one's will |
irascor, irasci, iratus sum |
get/be/become angry; fly into a rage; be angry at; feel resentment |
irrepo, irrepere, irrepsi, - |
creep in or into; steal into; insinuate oneself |
jacio, jacere, jeci, jactus |
throw, hurl, cast; throw away; utter |
jactantia, jactantiae F |
boasting, ostentation |
jubeo, jubere, jussi, jussus |
order/tell/command/direct; enjoin/command; decree/enact; request/ask/bid; pray |
jubo, jubere, additional, forms |
order/tell/command/direct; enjoin/command; decree/enact; request/ask/bid; pray |
jugulo, jugulare, jugulavi, jugulatus |
kill by slitting the throat; butcher, kill, murder, slay; cut the throat |
jurisdictio, jurisdictionis F |
jurisdiction, legal authority; administration of justice |
juro, jurare, juravi, juratus |
swear; call to witness; vow obedience to; conspire |
justitia, justitiae F |
justice; equality; righteousness |
juvenis, juvenis |
youth, young man/woman |
juvenis, juvenis, juvene |
youthful, young |
juxta |
nearly; near, close to, near by, hard by, by the side of; just as, equally |
labor, laboris M |
labor/toil/exertion/effort/work; task/undertaking; production; childbirth |
laboro, laborare, laboravi, laboratus |
work, labor; produce, take pains; be troubled/sick/oppressed, be in distress |
lacrima, lacrimae F |
tear; exuded gum/sap; bit of lead; quicksilver from ore; weeping; dirge |
laetus, laeta -um, laetior -or -us, laetissimus -a -um |
happy/cheerful/joyful/glad; favorable/propitious; prosperous/successful |
lascivio, lascivire, lascivi, lascivitus |
frisk; sport; run riot |
laudo, laudare, laudavi, laudatus |
recommend; praise, approve, extol; call upon, name; deliver eulogy on |
legatio, legationis F |
embassy; member of an embassy; mission |
legatum, legati N |
bequest, legacy |
legionarius, legionaria, legionarium |
legionary, of a legion |
lego, legere, legi, lectus |
read; gather, collect; furl, weigh; pick out |
lenio, lenire, lenivi, lenitus |
mitigate, moderate; alleviate, allay, assuage, ease, calm, placate, appease |
levamentum, levamenti N |
alleviation, mitigation, consolation |
levis, leve, levior -or -us, levissimus -a -um |
light, thin, trivial, trifling, slight; gentle; fickle, capricious; nimble |
libellus, libelli M |
little/small book; memorial; petition; pamphlet, defamatory publication |
libertas, libertatis F |
freedom, liberty; frankness of speech, outspokenness |
libet, libere, libuit, libitus est |
it pleases, is pleasing/agreeable |
libido, libidinis F |
desire/longing/wish/fancy; lust, wantonness; will/pleasure; passion/lusts |
licentia, licentiae F |
freedom, liberty; license, disorderliness; outspokenness |
lictor, lictoris M |
lictor, an attendant upon a magistrate |
lingua, linguae F |
tongue; speech, language; dialect |
littera, litterae F |
letter; letter, epistle; literature, books, records, account |
loco, locare, locavi, locatus |
place, put, station; arrange; contract; farm out on contract |
locus, loci M |
seat, rank, position; soldier's post; quarters; category; book passage, topic |
longinquus, longinqua -um, longinquior -or -us, longinquissimus -a -um |
remote, distant, far off; lasting, of long duration |
longus, longa -um, longior -or -us, longissimus -a -um |
long; tall; tedious, taking long time; boundless; far; of specific length/time |
loquor, loqui, locutus sum |
speak, tell; talk; mention; say, utter; phrase |
ludibrium, ludibri(i) N |
mockery; laughingstock |
ludus, ludi M |
game, play, sport, pastime, entertainment, fun; school, elementary school |
luxus, luxus M |
luxury, soft living; sumptuousness |
machinor, machinari, machinatus sum |
devise; plot |
maestitia, maestitiae F |
sadness, sorrow, grief; source of grief; dullness, gloom |
magistratus, magistratus M |
magistracy, civil office; office; magistrate, functionary |
magnitudo, magnitudinis F |
size, magnitude, bulk; greatness. importance, intensity |
magnus, magna -um, major -or -us, maximus -a -um |
large/great/big/vast/huge; much; powerful; tall/long/broad; extensive/spacious |
manipularis, manipularis M |
soldier of a maniple; common soldier, private; marine; comrades |
manipularis, manipularis, manipulare |
of/belonging to maniple; belonging to the ranks; private |
mare, maris N |
sea; sea water |
mas, (gen.), maris |
male; masculine, of the male sex; manly, virile, brave, noble; G:masculine |
mater, matris F |
mother, foster mother; lady, matron; origin, source, motherland, mother city |
matrimonium, matrimoni(i) N |
marriage; matrimony |
medito, meditare, meditavi, meditatus |
consider/contemplate/ponder; meditate, think about; reflect on; devise/plan |
mens, mentis F |
mind; reason, intellect, judgment; plan, intention, frame of mind; courage |
mereo, merere, merui, meritus |
earn; deserve/merit/have right; win/gain/incur; earn soldier/whore pay, serve |
metuo, metuere, metui, - |
fear; be afraid; stand in fear of; be apprehensive, dread |
meus, mea, meum |
my; mine, of me, belonging to me; my own; to me |
milito, militare, militavi, militatus |
serve as soldier, perform military service, serve in the army; wage/make war |
mille, milis N |
thousand; thousands; miles |
minister, ministri M |
attendant, servant, waiter; agent, aide; accomplice |
ministerium, ministeri(i) N |
office, attendance, service, employment, body of helpers; occupation, work |
miro, mirare, miravi, miratus |
be amazed/surprised/bewildered; look in wonder/awe/admiration at |
mirus, mira, mirum |
wonderful, strange, remarkable, amazing, surprising, extraordinary |
misericordia, misericordiae F |
pity, sympathy; compassion, mercy; pathos |
missio, missionis F |
mission, sending; dismissal, discharge; reprieve |
missus, missi M |
messenger; legate |
mitigo, mitigare, mitigavi, mitigatus |
soften; lighten, alleviate; soothe; civilize |
mitto, mittere, misi, missus |
send, throw, hurl, cast; let out, release, dismiss; disregard |
moderatio, moderationis F |
moderation; self control; guidance; government, regulation |
modero, moderare, -, moderatus |
check, slow down, control |
moles, molis F |
large mass; rock/boulder; heap/lump/pile, bulk; monster; mole/jetty/dam/dike |
moneo, monere, monui, monitus |
remind, advise, warn; teach; admonish; foretell, presage |
mons, montis M |
mountain; huge rock; towering heap |
mula, mulae F |
she-mule; mule |
muliebris, muliebris, muliebre |
feminine, womanly, female; woman's; womanish, effeminate |
munus, muneris N |
service; duty, office, function; gift; tribute, offering; bribes |
muto, mutare, mutavi, mutatus |
move, change, shift, alter, exchange, substitute; modify |
nascor, nasci, natus sum |
be produced spontaneously, come into existence/being; spring forth, grow; live |
necdum |
and/but not yet |
necessitas, necessitatis F |
need/necessity; inevitability; difficult straits; poverty; obligation; bond |
necessitudo, necessitudinis F |
obligation; bond, connection, affinity; compulsion; needs; poverty; relative |
neco, necare, necui, nectus |
kill/murder; put to death; suppress, destroy; kill; quench/drown |
nego, negare, negavi, negatus |
deny, refuse; say... not |
neo, nere, nevi, netus |
spin; weave; produce by spinning |
nepos, nepotis |
grandson/daughter; descendant; spendthrift, prodigal, playboy; secondary shoot |
nequaquam |
by no means |
nequeo, nequire, nequivi(ii), nequitus |
be unable, cannot |
neu |
or not, and not |
nihilum, nihili N |
nothing; nothingness, which does not exist; something valueless; no respect |
nimius, nimia, nimium |
excessive, too great |
nitor, niti, nixus sum |
press/lean upon; struggle; advance; depend on; strive, labor |
nobilis, nobile, nobilior -or -us, nobilissimus -a -um |
noble, well born; aristocratic; outstanding; important/prominent |
nocturnus, nocturna, nocturnum |
nocturnal, of night, at night, by night |
nola, nolae F |
Nola; woman of Nola; bell |
nomino, nominare, nominavi, nominatus |
name, call |
nosco, noscere, novi, notus |
get to know; learn, find out; become cognizant of/acquainted/familiar with |
noverca, novercae F |
stepmother |
nubo, nubere, nupsi, nuptus |
marry, be married to |
nudus, nuda, nudum |
nude; bare, stripped |
numen, numinis N |
divine will, divinity; god |
numerus, numeri M |
number/sum/total/rank; numerical strength/plurality; category; tally |
nummus, nummi M |
coin; cash; money; sesterce |
nunc |
now, today, at present |
nuntio, nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatus |
announce/report/bring word/give warning; convey/deliver/relate message/greeting |
nuptia, nuptiae F |
marriage, nuptials, wedding |
nusquam |
nowhere; on no occasion |
nuto, nutare, nutavi, nutatus |
waver, give way |
o |
Oh! |
obnitor, obniti, obnixus sum |
thrust/press against; struggle against, offer resistance; make a stand |
oboedio, oboedire, oboedivi, oboeditus |
obey; listen/harken/submit; be subject/obedient/responsible/a slave |
obscurus, obscura -um, obscurior -or -us, obscurissimus -a -um |
dim, dark, obscure; dusky, shadowy, only faintly/dimly seen; dingy; gloomy |
obsequium, obsequi(i) N |
compliance; consideration/deference/solicitude; services |
obstringo, obstringere, obstrinxi, obstrictus |
confine; involve; oblige, put under an obligation, bind, bind by oath |
obtentus, obtentus M |
spreading before; cloaking, disguising, pretext |
obtestatio, obtestationis F |
earnest entreaty, supplication |
obtestor, obtestari, obtestatus sum |
call to witness; implore |
obtineo, obtinere, obtinui, obtentus |
get hold of; maintain; obtain; hold fast, occupy; prevail |
obtrecto, obtrectare, obtrectavi, obtrectatus |
detract from; disparage, belittle |
occido, occidere, occidi, occisus |
kill, murder, slaughter, slay; cut/knock down; weary, be the death/ruin of |
occulo, occulere, occului, occultus |
cover; cover up, hide, cover over, conceal |
odium, odi(i) N |
hate/hatred/dislike/antipathy; odium, unpopularity; boredom/impatience |
offendo, offendere, offendi, offensus |
offend, give offense; displease/annoy/vex; trouble/upset, hurt |
offensio, offensionis F |
displeasure; accident |
olim |
formerly; once, once upon a time; in the future |
omitto, omittere, omisi, omissus |
lay aside; omit; let go; disregard |
onero, onerare, oneravi, oneratus |
load, burden; oppress |
onus, oneris N |
load, burden; cargo |
onustus, onusta, onustum |
laden |
opera, operae F |
work, care; aid; service, effort/trouble |
opprimo, opprimere, oppressi, oppressus |
press down; suppress; overthrow; crush, overwhelm, fall upon, oppress |
orno, ornare, ornavi, ornatus |
equip; dress; decorate, honor; furnish, adorn, garnish, trim |
oro, orare, oravi, oratus |
beg, ask for, pray; beseech, plead, entreat; worship, adore |
ostendeo, ostendere, ostendi, - |
show; reveal; make clear, point out, display, exhibit |
paenitentia, paenitentiae F |
regret; change of mind/attitude; repentance/contrition; penance |
palus, paludis F |
swamp, marsh |
pansa, pansae F |
splay-footed |
pario, parere, peperi, partus |
bear; give birth to; beget, bring forth; produce, lay; create; acquire |
particeps, (gen.), participis |
sharing in, taking part in |
parum, minus, minime |
too/very little, not enough/so good, insufficient; less; not at all |
paternus, paterna, paternum |
father's, paternal; ancestral |
patrius, patria, patrium |
father's, paternal; ancestral |
paulus, paula, paulum |
little; small; small amount/quantity of/little bit of |
pecco, peccare, peccavi, peccatus |
sin; do wrong, commit moral offense; blunder, stumble; be wrong |
pectus, pectoris N |
breast, heart; feeling, soul, mind |
pellicio, pellicere, pellexi, pellectus |
attract/draw away; allure/seduce/entice/captivate; coax/induce/wheedle/win over |
penitus, penita, penitum |
inner, inward |
percello, percellere, perculi, perculsus |
strike down; strike; overpower; dismay, demoralize, upset |
peregrinus, peregrina, peregrinum |
foreign, strange, alien; exotic |
perfero, perferre, pertuli, perlatus |
carry through; bear, endure to the end, suffer; announce |
perficio, perficere, perfeci, perfectus |
complete, finish; execute; bring about, accomplish; do thoroughly |
periculosus, periculosa -um, periculosior -or -us, periculosissimus -a -um |
dangerous, hazardous, perilous; threatening |
perinde |
in the same way/just as, equally; likewise |
permitto, permittere, permisi, permissus |
let through; let go through; relinquish; permit, allow; entrust; hurl |
permodestus, permodesta, permodestum |
very modest, very moderate |
permoveo, permovere, permovi, permotus |
stir up; move deeply; influence; agitate |
perscribo, perscribere, perscripsi, perscriptus |
report; describe; write out in full; finish writing, write a detailed record |
perstringo, perstringere, perstrinxi, perstrictus |
graze, graze against; make tight all over; offend, make unfavorable mention |
pertineo, pertinere, pertinui, pertentus |
reach; extend; relate to; concerns, pertain to |
pervicax, (gen.), pervicacis |
stubborn, obstinate; firm, steadfast |
pessimus, pessima, pessimum |
worst, most incapable; wickedest; most disloyal/unkind; lowest in quality/rank |
pessum |
to the lowest part, to the bottom, |
pietas, pietatis F |
responsibility, sense of duty; loyalty; tenderness, goodness; pity; piety |
plebes, plebei F |
common people, general citizens, commons/plebeians; lower class/ranks; mob/mass |
plebs, plebis F |
common people, general citizens, commons/plebeians; lower class/ranks; mob/mass |
poena, poenae F |
penalty, punishment; revenge/retribution |
pono, ponere, posui, positus |
put/place/set; station/post; pitch; situate; set up; erect |
pontifex, pontificis M |
high priest/pontiff; bishop; pope |
populor, populari, populatus sum |
ravage, devastate, lay waste; plunder; despoil, strip |
porta, portae F |
gate, entrance; city gates; door; avenue; goal |
possum, posse, potui, - |
be able, can |
postea |
afterwards |
postulo, postulare, postulavi, postulatus |
demand, claim; require; ask/pray for |
postumus, postuma, postumum |
late/last born, born late in life/after will; posthumous; last/final |
potens, potentis (gen.), potentior -or -us, potentissimus -a -um |
powerful, strong; capable; mighty |
potissimus, potissima, potissimum |
chief, principal, most prominent/powerful; strongest; foremost |
praebeo, praebere, praebui, praebitus |
present/show/put forward; offer; expose physically oneself; expose/submit/allow |
praecipuus, praecipua, praecipuum |
particular, especial |
praeda, praedae F |
booty, loot, spoils, plunder, prey |
praeficio, praeficere, praefeci, praefectus |
put in charge, place in command |
praemium, praemi(i) N |
prize, reward; gift; recompense |
praescribo, praescribere, praescripsi, praescriptus |
order, direct |
praescriptio, praescriptionis F |
preface/preamble/title/heading; preliminary; precept/rule; pretext/excuse/cover |
praesens, (gen.), praesentis |
present; at hand; existing; prompt, in person; propitious |
praesideo, praesidere, praesedi, - |
keep/watch/stand//guard; preside; supervise/govern/control |
praesidium, praesidi(i) N |
protection; help; guard; garrison, detachment |
praeter |
besides, except, contrary to; beyond, in front of, before; more than |
praetor, praetoris M |
praetor; abb. pr. |
praetura, praeturae F |
praetorship |
prenso, prensare, prensavi, prensatus |
grasp/clutch at/constantly; lay hold of; accost/buttonhole; canvass, solicit |
pridem |
some time ago, previously |
primordium, primordi(i) N |
first beginning, origin, commencement, beginnings |
primoris, primoris M |
nobles, men of the first rank |
primus, prima, primum |
first, foremost/best, chief, principal; nearest/next |
principium, principi(i) N |
beginning |
prior, prior, prius |
ahead, in front, leading; previous, earlier, preceding, prior; former; basic |
priscus, prisca, priscum |
ancient, early, former |
privignus, privigni M |
stepson |
privo, privare, privavi, privatus |
deprive, rob, free |
probrum, probri N |
disgrace; abuse, insult; disgrace, shame |
procax, (gen.), procacis |
pushing, impudent; undisciplined; frivolous |
procer, proceris M |
nobles, chiefs, princes; leading men of the country/society/profession |
procido, procidere, procidi, - |
fall prostrate, collapse |
procumbo, procumbere, procubui, procubitus |
sink down, lie down, lean forward |
profero, proferre, protuli, prolatus |
bring forward; advance; defer; discover; mention |
proficio, proficere, profeci, profectus |
make, accomplish, effect |
prohibeo, prohibere, prohibui, prohibitus |
hinder, restrain; forbid, prevent |
proinde |
hence, so then; according to/in the same manner/degree/proportion |
promo, promere, prompsi, promptus |
take/bring out/forth; bring into view; bring out/display on the stage |
promptus, prompta -um, promptior -or -us, promptissimus -a -um |
set forth, brought forward, manifest, disclosed; willing, ready, eager, quick |
pronepos, pronepotis M |
great grandson |
prope, propius, proxime |
near, nearly; close by; almost |
propero, properare, properavi, properatus |
hurry, speed up; be quick |
proprius, propria, proprium |
own, very own; individual; special, particular, characteristic |
proscriptio, proscriptionis F |
advertisement; notice of confiscation; proscription, pub of names of outlaws |
protego, protegere, protexi, protectus |
cover, protect |
provenio, provenire, proveni, proventus |
come forth; come into being; prosper |
provideo, providere, providi, provisus |
foresee; provide for, make provision; with DAT |
prudens, prudentis (gen.), prudentior -or -us, prudentissimus -a -um |
aware, skilled; sensible, prudent; farseeing; experienced |
pudor, pudoris M |
decency, shame; sense of honor; modesty; bashfulness |
pulcher, pulchra -um, pulchrior -or -us, pulcherrimus -a -um |
pretty; beautiful; handsome; noble, illustrious |
quadraginta, quadragesimus -a -um, quadrageni -ae -a, quadragie(n)s |
40 each/apiece/times/fold/together/at a time-'how many each'; by 40s |
quadringenti -ae -a, quadringentesimus -a -um, quadringeni -ae -a, quadringentie(n)s |
400 times, on 400 occasions- |
quaero, quaerere, quaesivi, quaesitus |
search for, seek, strive for; obtain; ask, inquire, demand |
quando |
when, at what time; at any time |
quattuor |
4 |
queo, quire, quivi(ii), quitus |
be able |
quicumque, cuiuscumque |
who/whatever, no matter who/what, in any time/way, however small |
quies, quietis F |
quiet, calm, rest, peace; sleep |
quiesco, quiescere, quievi, quietus |
rest, keep quiet/calm, be at peace/rest; be inactive/neutral; permit; sleep |
quingenti -ae -a, quingentesimus -a -um, quingeni -ae -a, quingentie(n)s |
500 each/apiece/times/fold/together/at a time-'how many each'; by 500s |
quinque, quintus -a -um, quini -ae -a, quinquie(n)s |
5 times, on 5 occasions- |
quippe |
of course; as you see; obviously; naturally; by all means |
quisnam, cuiusnam |
who then?; who in the world? |
quisque, cuiusque |
each, each one; every, everybody, everything; whatever |
quisvis, cuiusvis |
any whatever and INDEF whoever it be, whom you please; any whatever |
quoniam |
because, since, seeing that |
quoque |
likewise/besides/also/too; not only; even/actually |
quot, undeclined |
how many; of what number; as many |
ratio, rationis F |
account, reckoning, invoice; plan; prudence; method; reasoning; rule; regard |
recito, recitare, recitavi, recitatus |
read aloud, recite; name in writing |
recondo, recondere, recondidi, reconditus |
hide, conceal; put away |
redimo, redimere, redemi, redemptus |
buy back, recover, replace by purchase; buy up; make good, fulfill |
redintegro, redintegrare, redintegravi, redintegratus |
renew; revive |
regnum, regni N |
royal power; power; control; kingdom |
relatio, relationis F |
laying of matter before Senate, such motion; referring back case to magistrate |
religio, religionis F |
supernatural constraint/taboo; obligation; sanction; worship; rite; sanctity |
relinquo, relinquere, reliqui, relictus |
leave behind, abandon; be left, remain; bequeath |
reliquus, reliqua, reliquum |
rest of/remaining/available/left; surviving; future/further; yet to be/owed |
remedium, remedi(i) N |
remedy, cure; medicine |
remitto, remittere, remisi, remissus |
send back, remit; throw back, relax, diminish |
renovo, renovare, renovavi, renovatus |
renew, restore; revive |
repello, repellere, repuli, repulsus |
drive/push/thrust back/away; repel/rebuff/spurn; fend off; exclude/bar; refute |
repeto, repetere, repetivi, repetitus |
return to; get back; demand back/again; repeat; recall; claim |
resolvo, resolvere, resolvi, resolutus |
loosen, release, disperse, melt; relax; pay; enervate, pay back; break up |
reticeo, reticere, reticui, - |
keep silent; give no reply; refrain from speaking/mentioning; leave unsaid |
reus, rea, reum |
liable to; guilty |
rite |
duly, according to religious usage, with due observance; solemnly; well |
rogo, rogare, rogavi, rogatus |
ask, ask for; invite; introduce |
rogus, rogi M |
funeral pyre |
romanus, romana, romanum |
Roman |
rumor, rumoris M |
hearsay, rumor, gossip; reputation; shouting |
ruo, ruere, rui, rutus |
destroy, ruin, overthrow; rush on, run; fall; charge; be ruined |
rursum |
turned back, backward; on the contrary/other hand, in return, in turn, again |
sacerdos, sacerdotis |
priest, priestess |
sacramentum, sacramenti N |
sum deposited in a civil process, guaranty; oath of allegiance; sacrament |
saepio, saepire, saepsi, saeptus |
surround/envelop/enfold/encircle; clothe/cover/protect; close/seal off; shut in |
saevitia, saevitiae F |
rage, fierceness, ferocity; cruelty, barbarity, violence |
saevus, saeva -um, saevior -or -us, saevissimus -a -um |
savage; fierce/ferocious; violent/wild/raging; cruel, harsh, severe; vehement |
sancio, sancire, sanxi, sanctus |
confirm, ratify; sanction; fulfill; enact; ordain; dedicate |
sanus, sana, sanum |
sound; healthy; sensible; sober; sane |
satis |
enough, adequately; sufficiently; well enough, quite; fairly, pretty |
scilicet |
one may know, certainly; of course |
scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptus |
write; compose |
secor, seci, secutus sum |
follow; escort/attend/accompany; aim at/reach after/strive for/make for/seek |
secretus, secreta -um, secretior -or -us, secretissimus -a -um |
separate, apart; private, secret; remote; hidden |
securitas, securitatis F |
freedom from care; carelessness; safety, security |
sedecim, -, -, sedecie(n)s |
|
sedeo, sedere, sedi, sessus |
sit, remain; settle; encamp |
semel |
once, on one occasion |
semper |
always |
sempiternus, sempiterna, sempiternum |
perpetual/everlasting/permanent/eternal; lasting forever/for relevant period |
senatus, senata, senatum |
Sienna-earth-colored |
senesco, senescere, senui, - |
grow old; grow weak, be in a decline; become exhausted |
senex, senis (gen.), senior -or -us, - |
aged, old |
senilis, senilis, senile |
senile, aged |
sententia, sententiae F |
opinion, feeling, way of thinking; thought, meaning, sentence/period; purpose |
sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus |
perceive, feel, experience; think, realize, see, understand |
separo, separare, separavi, separatus |
divide, distinguish; separate |
sepelio, sepelire, sepelivi, sepultus |
bury/inter; submerge, overcome; suppress; ruin |
septem |
7 |
servus, servi M |
slave; servant |
set |
but, but also; yet; however, but in fact/truth; not to mention; yes but |
sex, sextus -a -um, seni -ae -a, sexie(n)s |
6th-; 6th |
sex |
6 |
signum, signi N |
battle standard; indication; seal; sign, proof; signal; image, statue |
silentium, silenti(i) N |
silence |
simulo, simulare, simulavi, simulatus |
imitate, copy; pretend; look like; simulate; counterfeit; feint |
socio, sociare, sociavi, sociatus |
unite, join, ally; share in |
socordia, socordiae F |
sluggishness, torpor, inaction |
soleo, solere, solitus sum |
be in the habit of; become accustomed to |
solor, solari, solatus sum |
solace, console, comfort; soothe, ease, lighten, relieve, assuage, mitigate |
solus, sola, solum (gen -ius) |
only, single; lonely; alone, having no companion/friend/protector; unique |
solvo, solvere, solvi, solutus |
loosen, release, unbind, untie, free; open; set sail; scatter; pay off/back |
sordidus, sordida -um, sordidior -or -us, sordidissimus -a -um |
dirty, unclean, foul, filthy; vulgar, sordid; low, base, mean, paltry; vile |
soror, sororis F |
sister |
species, speciei F |
sight, appearance, show; splendor, beauty; kind, type |
spons, spontis F |
free will |
statim |
at once, immediately |
sterilis, sterilis, sterile |
barren, sterile; fruitless; unprofitable, futile |
stipendium, stipendi(i) N |
tribute, stipend; pay, wages; military service |
strabo, strabonis M |
squinter |
struo, struere, struxi, structus |
build, construct |
subdo, subdere, subdidi, subditus |
place under, apply; supply |
subdolus, subdola, subdolum |
sly, deceitful, treacherous |
subicio, subicere, subjeci, subjectus |
throw under, place under; make subject; expose |
subnixus, subnixa, subnixum |
relying on; elated by |
successor, successoris M |
successor |
sufficio, sufficere, suffeci, suffectus |
be sufficient, suffice; stand up to; be capable/qualified; provide, appoint |
sumo, sumere, sumpsi, sumptus |
take up; begin; suppose, assume; select; purchase; exact; obtain |
superbio, superbire, superbivi, superbitus |
show/have pride/disdain; be proud/gorgeous/superb/magnificent |
supero, superare, superavi, superatus |
overcome, conquer; survive; outdo; surpass, be above, have the upper hand |
supersum, superesse, superfui, superfuturus |
be left over; survive; be in excess/superfluous; remain to be performed |
suspecto, suspectare, suspectavi, suspectatus |
suspect; mistrust, be suspicious of; suspect the presence of evil; gaze up at |
suspendo, suspendere, suspendi, suspensus |
hang up, suspend |
suspicax, (gen.), suspicacis |
mistrustful |
suspicio, suspicere, suspexi, suspectus |
look up to; admire |
talis, talis, tale |
such; so great; so excellent; of such kind |
tam |
so, so much; to such an extent/degree; nevertheless, all the same |
tandem |
finally; at last, in the end; after some time, eventually; at length |
tantus, tanta, tantum |
of such size; so great, so much |
tegmen, tegminis N |
covering/cover/protection; clothing; body armor; skin/shell/husk |
tempero, temperare, temperavi, temperatus |
combine, blend, temper; make mild; refrain from; control oneself |
templum, templi N |
temple, church; shrine; holy place |
tempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus |
test, try; urge; worry; bribe |
tempus, temporis N |
time, condition, right time; season, occasion; necessity |
teneo, tenere, tenui, tentus |
hold, keep; comprehend; possess; master; preserve |
tentorium, tentori(i) N |
tent |
terminus, termini M |
boundary, limit, end; terminus |
terra, terrae F |
earth, land, ground; country, region |
terror, terroris M |
terror, panic, alarm, fear |
tertius, tertia, tertium |
third |
testamentum, testamenti N |
will, testament; covenant |
theatralis, theatralis, theatrale |
theatrical, of the stage |
titulus, tituli M |
title; label; heading; placard/tablet; pretext, ostensible motive |
toga, togae F |
toga |
tolero, tolerare, toleravi, toleratus |
bear, endure, tolerate |
totus, tota, totum (gen -ius) |
whole, all, entire, total, complete; every part; all together/at once |
tracto, tractare, tractavi, tractatus |
draw, haul, pull, drag about; handle, manage, treat, discuss |
trado, tradere, tradidi, traditus |
hand over, surrender; deliver; bequeath; relate |
transfero, transferre, transtuli, translatus |
transport/convey/transfer/shift; transpose; carry/bring across/over; transplant |
trecenti -ae -a, trecentesimus -a -um, treceni -ae -a, trecentie(n)s |
300 each/apiece/times/fold/together/at a time-'how many each'; by 300s |
tribunal, tribunalis N |
raised platform; tribunal; judgement seat |
tribuo, tribuere, tribui, tributus |
divide, assign; present; grant, allot, bestow, attribute |
tribus, tribus F |
third part of the people; tribe, hereditary division |
triginta, tricesimus -a -um, triceni -ae -a, tricie(n)s |
30 each/apiece/times/fold/together/at a time-'how many each'; by 30s |
triginta, tricesimus -a -um, triceni -ae -a, tricie(n)s |
30 times, on 30 occasions- |
triginta, tricesimus -a -um, triceni -ae -a, tricie(n)s |
|
triumphalis, triumphalis, triumphale |
of celebration of a triumph; having triumphal status; triumphant |
triumvir, triumviri M |
triumvir, commissioner; triumviri, a three-man board |
trunco, truncare, truncavi, truncatus |
maim, mutilate; strip of branches, foliage; cut off |
tu |
you |
tunc |
then, thereupon, at that time |
turba, turbae F |
commotion, uproar, turmoil, tumult, disturbance; crowd, mob, multitude |
tutela, tutelae F |
tutelage, guardianship |
ulciscor, ulcisci, ultus sum |
avenge; punish |
uligo, uliginis F |
waterlogged ground, marsh |
ultra, ulterius, ultimum |
beyond, further; on the other side; more, more than, in addition, besides |
umerus, umeri M |
upper arm, shoulder |
umquam |
ever, at any time |
universus, universa, universum |
whole, entire; all together; all; universal |
urbs, urbis F |
city; City of Rome |
usque |
up to |
usurpo, usurpare, usurpavi, usurpatus |
seize upon, usurp; use |
uter, utra, utrum |
which, whichever, no matter which; one, either, one or other |
utilitas, utilitatis F |
usefulness, advantage |
vacatio, vacationis F |
freedom, exemption; privilege |
vagus, vaga, vagum |
roving, wandering |
vanus, vana, vanum |
empty, vain; false, untrustworthy |
varianus, variana, varianum |
diverse-colored; variegated; of Varus |
vectigal, vectigalis N |
tax, tribute, revenue |
veho, vehere, vexi, vectus |
bear, carry, convey; pass, ride, sail |
venenum, veneni N |
poison; drug |
venio, venire, veni, ventus |
come |
vero |
yes; in truth; certainly; truly, to be sure; however |
verus, vera -um, verior -or -us, verissimus -a -um |
true, real, genuine, actual; properly named; well founded; right, fair, proper |
vespera, vesperae F |
evening, even-tide |
vestis, vestis F |
garment, clothing, blanket; clothes; robe |
veteranus, veterana, veteranum |
old, veteran |
veto, vetare, vetui, vetitus |
forbid, prohibit; reject, veto; be an obstacle to; prevent |
vetus, veteris |
old/ancient times, antiquity; earlier events; old traditions/ways |
vetus, veteris (gen.), veterior -or -us, veterrimus -a -um |
old, aged, ancient; former; veteran, experienced; long standing, chronic |
vexillum, vexilli N |
flag, banner |
victor, (gen.), victoris |
triumphant |
victoria, victoriae F |
victory |
viginti, vicesimus -a -um, viceni -ae -a, vicie(n)s |
20 times, on 20 occasions- |
vinculum, vinculi N |
chain, bond, fetter; imprisonment |
vir, viri M |
man; husband; hero; person of courage, honor, and nobility |
virgo, virginis F |
maiden, young woman, girl of marriageable age; virgin, woman sexually intact |
viritim |
man by man; individually |
vivo, vivere, vixi, victus |
be alive, live; survive; reside |
vocabulum, vocabuli N |
noun, common/concrete noun; word used to designate thing/idea, term, name |
voluntas, voluntatis F |
will, desire; purpose; good will; wish, favor, consent |
voveo, vovere, vovi, votus |
vow, dedicate, consecrate |
vulgo, vulgare, vulgavi, vulgatus |
spread around/among the multitude; publish, divulge, circulate; prostitute |
vulgus, vulgi N |
common people/general public/multitude/common herd/rabble/crowd/mob; flock |