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impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam fides promissi humani aut ratio |
| impleo, implere, implevi, impletusfill up; satisfy, fulfill; fill, finish, complete; spendfill up; gerecht zu werden, erfüllen, füllen, fertig, komplett zu verbringen;remplir ; satisfaire, accomplir ; remplir, finir, complet ; dépenser riempire, soddisfare, soddisfare; riempire, finitura, completo; spenderellenarse; satisfacer, satisfacer; llenar, acabar, completo; pasar |
| impleret | homo, hominis Mman, human being, person, fellowMann, Mensch, Person, Menschl'homme, l'être humain, personne, garçonl'uomo, essere umano, persona, amicohombre, ser humano, persona, amigo |
| impleret homines | certus, certa -um, certior -or -us, certissimus -a -umfixed, settled, firm; certain; trusty/reliable; sure; resolved, determinedfestgelegt, abgewickelt, fest, sicher; treuen / zuverlässig sind; sicher; gelöst werden, bestimmtfixe, arrangé, ferme ; certain ; de confiance/fiable ; sure ; resolved, déterminé fisso, costante, fermo, certo; fidato / affidabili; certo; risolto, determinatofijo, colocado, firme; seguro; de confianza/confiable; sure; resolved, resuelto |
| impleret homines certioris | Spes, Spei FSpes, goddess of hope; hope personifiedSpes, der Göttin der Hoffnung, die Hoffnung personifiziertSpes, déesse de l'espoir, l'espoir personnifiéeSpes, dea della speranza, speranza personificataSpes, diosa de la esperanza, la esperanza personificada |
| impleret homines certioris | spes, spei Fhope/anticipation/expectation; prospect/hope/promiseHoffnung / Erwartung / Erwartung, Aussicht / Hoffnung / Versprechenespoir / attente / attente; perspective / espoir / promessesperanza / previsione / aspettativa; prospettiva / speranza / promessaesperanza / anticipación / expectativa; perspectiva / esperanza / promesa |
| impleret homines certioris spei | qui, quae, quodwho, whichder, die, das; welcher, welche, welchesL'OMS, quichi, cheque, que |
| impleret homines certioris spei | quamhow, thanwie, alscomment, decome, oltrecómo, de |
| impleret homines certioris spei | quamhow, how much; as, thanwie, wie viel, wie alscomment, combien, comme, quecome, quanto, come, rispettocómo, cuánto, ya que, de |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam | quantus, quanta, quantumhow great; how much/many; of what size/amount/degree/number/worth/priceWie groß, wie viel / viele, was Größe / Höhe / Umfang / Anzahl / Wert / Preiscombien grande, combien / nombre; de quelle taille / quantité / degré / nombre / valeur / prixquanto grande, quanto / molti, di ciò che dimensione / quantità / laurea / numero / valore / prezzolo grande, cuánto / muchos, de lo que el tamaño / cantidad / grado / número / valor / precio |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam | fides, fidei Ffaith, loyalty; honesty; credit; confidence, trust, belief; good faithGlaube, Treue, Ehrlichkeit, Kredit-, Zuversicht, Vertrauen, Glaube, Treu und Glaubenla foi, la loyauté, l'honnêteté, le crédit, la confiance, la confiance, de croyance; bonne foifede, lealtà, onestà, credito, fiducia, fiducia, fede, buona fedela fe, la lealtad, la honestidad, el crédito, la confianza, la confianza, la creencia, de buena fe |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam | fidis, fidis Fchord, instrument string; constellation Lyra; stringed instrument; lyreAkkord-, Instrumenten-string; Sternbild Leier; Saiteninstrument, Leiercordes instrument à corde; constellation de la Lyre; instrument à cordes; lyrecorda, strumento a corda; costellazione della Lira, strumento a corde, liraacorde, instrumento de cuerda; constelación de Lyra, instrumento de cuerda; lira |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam | fido, fidere, fisus sumtrust, have confidenceVertrauen, Vertrauenla confiance, ont la confiance fiducia, hanno fiduciala confianza, tiene confianza |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam fides | promitto, promittere, promisi, promissuspromiseVersprechenpromesse promessapromesa |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam fides | promissum, promissi NpromiseVersprechenpromesse promessapromesa |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam fides | promissus, promissa, promissumflowing, hanging downfließenden, herabhängendenécoulement, accrochant vers le bas fluente, penzoloniel fluir, colgando abajo |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam fides promissi | humanus, humana -um, humanior -or -us, humanissimus -a -umhuman; kind; humane, civilized, refinedMenschen; Art; humanen, zivilisierten, raffinierthumain ; aimable ; humanitaire, civilisé, raffiné umani; genere; umano, civile, raffinatohumano; bueno; humano, civilizado, refinado |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam fides promissi | humanum, humani Nhuman affairs, concerns of men; events of lifemenschlichen Angelegenheiten, Sorgen der Menschen, Ereignisse des Lebensaffaires humaines, soucis des hommes ; événements de la vie vicende umane, le preoccupazioni degli uomini, eventi della vitaasuntos humanos, preocupaciones de hombres; acontecimientos de la vida |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam fides promissi humani | autor, or rather/else; either...oroder, oder vielmehr / else: entweder ... oderou, ou plutôt / else; soit ... soito, o meglio / altro: o ... oo, mejor dicho / else, bien ... o |
| impleret homines certioris spei quam quantam fides promissi humani aut | ratio, rationis Faccount, reckoning, invoice; plan; prudence; method; reasoning; rule; regardKonto, Abrechnung, Rechnung, planen; Vorsichtsprinzip, Methode, Argumentation; Regel; Hinweiscompte, en comptant, la facture; plan; prudence, méthode, raisonnement, la règle; ce qui concerneconto, resa dei conti, la fattura; piano; prudenza, metodo, ragionamento, regola, per quanto riguardacuenta, cuenta, factura; plan; la prudencia, método, razonamiento, regla, lo que se refiere |
| ▲ ▼ | How quantam Fits into the Clause
The presence of quantam right after quam looks jarring to a modern reader because it creates a double relative/comparative structure (quam quantam), which we generally condense in English.
Here is how it functions:
1. The Correlative Core (tantus... quantus)
Livy is working with a classic "as great... as" (tantus... quantus) comparison, but he has omitted the first half (tantam) because it is implied by the comparative adjective certioris. If you were to fill in the missing words that the Roman mind automatically supplied, the underlying structure looks like this:
...certioris spei quam [tantam spem] quantam...
"...a more certain hope than [a hope as great] as..."
2. Syntactic Agreement
Quantam is a relative/interrogative adjective meaning "how great" or "as much as."
Gender/Number: It is feminine accusative singular because it modifies an understood spem (hope) inside its own subordinate clause.
Case Function: It functions as the direct object of the verb subicere ("to suggest / inspire").
3. The Literal Logic
Breaking down the end of the clause piece by piece:
quam = than
quantam = [a hope] as great as
fides promissi humani (subject 1) = the credibility of a human promise
aut ratio ex fiducia rerum (subject 2) = or calculation based on confidence in facts
subicere solet = is accustomed to inspire/suggest.
English Translation
Literal Translation:
"...so that he might rouse again and renew that passion which had subsided, and fill the men with a more certain hope than how great a hope the credibility of a human promise or calculation from the confidence of facts is accustomed to suggest."
Smooth/Idiomatic Translation:
"...in order to reawaken and renew the enthusiasm that had died down, inspiring the people with a confidence far greater than any that could normally be generated by mere human promises or rational calculations based on the facts." |
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